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Revision help links for separate science Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry paper 1
Revision summary help for the 9-1 Edexcel GCSE CHEMISTRY 1CH0/1F 1CH0/1H 1st Exam Paper 1 - learning objectives for Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1CH0 1F and 1CH0 1H chemistry 1 2020 exam paper onwards Edexcel Level 1/ 2 GCSE (Grade 9 - 1) Chemistry 1 (1CH0) Paper 1 - Edexcel (Grade 9-1) GCSE CHEMISTRY Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry", Topic 2 "States of matter and mixtures", Topic 3 "Chemical changes", Topic 4 "Extracting metals and equilibria", Topic 5 "Separate chemistry 1" LINK for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY 2 paper 2 LINK for Edexcel GCSE Combined Science 1st chemistry paper 3 LINK for Edexcel GCSE Combined Science 2nd chemistry paper 4 This is a BIG website, you need to take time to explore it [SEARCH BOX] Use your mobile phone 'landscape' orientation? email doc brown - query? or comment? For ALL other exam papers, use and bookmark the link below PLEASE READ CAREFULLY THE FOLLOWING POINTS before using my Edexcel 9-1 GCSE science pages
Syllabus-specification CONTENT INDEX of revision summary notes Note: a C after the learning objective indicates it is for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry ONLY, NOT for Combined Science Revision summaries for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 1 Chemistry 1 (this page) What's assessed in this paper? (for separate science Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY) SUMMARY Topic 1 – Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) SUMMARY Topic 2 – States of matter and mixtures (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) SUMMARY Topic 3 – Chemical changes (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) SUMMARY Topic 4 – Extracting metals and equilibria (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) SUMMARY Topic 5 – Separate chemistry 1 (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) Revision summaries for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 Chemistry 2 (separate page) What's assessed in this paper? (for separate science Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY) SUMMARY Topic 1 – Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 4) SUMMARY Topic 6 – Groups in the periodic table (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 4) SUMMARY Topic 7 – Rates of reaction and energy changes (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 4) SUMMARY Topic 8 – Fuels and Earth Science (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 4) SUMMARY Topic 9 – Separate chemistry 2 (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 4)
TOPICS for Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Paper 1 Chemistry 1 Note: a C after the learning objective indicates it is for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry ONLY, NOT for Combined Science Topics common to all chemistry papers INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC 1 Topics common to all chemistry papers A page of important ideas, concepts and definitions for chemistry students Formulae, equations and hazards You should be able to ... 0.1 Be able to recall the formulae of elements, simple compounds and ions. 0.2 Write word equations. 0.3 Write balanced chemical equations, including the use of the state symbols (s), (l), (g) and (aq). 0.4 (HT only) Write balanced ionic equations. 0.5 Be able to describe the use of hazard symbols on containers
0.6 Be able to evaluate the risks in a practical procedure and suggest suitable precautions for a range of practicals including those mentioned in the specification. How to write word & symbol equations, work out formula and name compounds Revision Notes Hazard warning symbols Revision Notes and QUIZ on hazard warning symbols Ideas on experiment design and risk assessment Multiple Choice Quiz on balancing Symbol Chemical Equations with numbers Number fill Quiz on completing symbol equations (Q1 Q2 Q3) Some easy quizzes for you to explore on basic chemistry concepts from KS3 chemistry to GCSE chemistry Word-fill quiz "Balancing chemical symbol equations" Word-fill quiz "(1) Important terms used in chemistry" Word-fill quiz "(2) Other terms and chemical symbols" Word-fill quiz "(3) More important terms used in chemistry" Word-fill quiz "Elements and compounds" Word-fill quiz "Particle models of elements, compounds and mixtures" Easy multiple choice quiz on "Atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures" Easy word-fill quizzes on "Simple Reactions" 7Fwf1 * 7Fwf2 * 7Fwf3 * 7Fwf4 6 Easy word-fill quizzes "Patterns of chemical reactions" 9Fwf1 * 9Fwf2 * 9Fwf3 * 9Fwf4 * 9Fwf5 * 9Fwf6 5 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Reactions of metals & metal compounds" 9Ewf1 * 9Ewf2 * 9Ewf3 * 9Ewf4 * 9Ewf5 Easy multiple choice quiz on "Metals, compounds, their reactions and reaction patterns" 4 linked easy quizzes on "Separation of Mixtures" 7Hwf1 * 7Hwf2 * 7Hwf3 * 7Hwf4 Easy matching pair quiz based on "Solubility and Solutions" 7Hmp1 (important words and definitions) 4 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Atoms, Elements and Compounds" 8Ewf1 * 8Ewf2 * 8Ewf3 * 8Ewf4 5 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Compounds and Mixtures" 8Fwf1 * 8Fwf2 * 8Fwf3 * 8Fwf4 * 8Fwf5 Easy matching pair quiz on "Elements, Compounds and Mixtures" ecm1mp (matching particle model pictures) Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 1 Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") A page of important ideas, concepts and definitions for chemistry students (Topic 1 – Overarching concepts in chemistry) Topic 1 is common to both chemistry/science papers Edexcel GCSE 9-1 CHEMISTRY 1 Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry" quiz content for chemistry 1/2: balancing equations, atomic structure, chemical calculations, periodic table, bonding and structure (higher tier HT/foundation tier FT)
for HT students:
for FT students:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Atomic structure (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") You should be able to ... 1.1 Be able to describe how the Dalton model of an atom has changed because of the discovery of subatomic particles 1.2 Be able to describe the structure of an atom as a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells 1.3 Be able to recall the relative electric charge and relative mass of a proton, a neutron and an electron 1.4 Be able to explain why atoms contain equal numbers of protons and electrons 1.5 Be able to describe the nucleus of an atom as very small compared to the overall size of the atom 1.6 Be able to recall that most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus 1.7 Be able to recall the meaning of the term mass number of an atom 1.8 Be able to describe atoms of a given element as having the same number of protons in the nucleus and that this number is unique to that element 1.9 Be able to describe isotopes as different atoms of the same element containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei 1.10 Be able to calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms given the atomic number and mass number 1.11 Be able to explain how the existence of isotopes results in relative atomic masses of some elements not being whole numbers 1.12 (HT only) Be able to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative masses and abundances of its isotopes Atomic Structure - nucleus, electrons, isotopes etc. Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on Atomic structure, isotopes & electronic structure of atoms Atomic Structure crossword puzzle * Answers Gap-fill worksheet on Atomic Structure Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 1. fundamental particles Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 2. periodic table Extra Word-fill quiz "Atomic structure and elements" * Extra Word-fill quiz 2 "Atomic Structure" The Periodic Table (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.13 Be able to describe how Mendeleev arranged the elements, known at that time, in a periodic table by using properties of these elements and their compounds 1.14 Be able to describe how Mendeleev used his table to predict the existence and properties of some elements not then discovered 1.15 Be able to explain that Mendeleev thought he had arranged elements in order of increasing relative atomic mass but this was not always true because of the relative abundance of isotopes of some pairs of elements in the periodic table 1.16 Be able to explain the meaning of atomic number of an element in terms of position in the periodic table and number of protons in the nucleus 1.17 Be able to describe that in the periodic table
1.18 Identify elements as metals or non-metals according to their position in the periodic table and explaining this division in terms of the atomic structures of the elements 1.19 Be able to predict the electronic configurations of the first 20 elements in the periodic table as diagrams and in the form, for example, 2.8.1 1.20 Be able to explain how the electronic configuration of an element is related to its position in the periodic table Periodic Table Notes - an overview Revision Notes Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 2. periodic table Multiple choice quiz on the basics of the Periodic Table (best tackled after most periodic table sections done) Task sheet worksheet on Periodic Table history * (answers) Basic Periodic Table Task sheet worksheet * (answers) Gap-fill worksheet on the Periodic Table Element Symbol-name QUIZ - easier-pictorial Element symbol & name QUIZ harder - no pictures! Structured question on the reactivity of elements and the periodic table and answers Word-fill quiz "The Periodic Table and Electronic Structure" Word-fill quiz "Spot the element in the Periodic Table" Word-fill quiz "Recognise the element and its use" Ionic Bonding (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.21 Be able to explain how ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms to produce cations and anions, including the use of dot and cross diagrams 1.22 Be able to recall that an ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge 1.23 Be able to calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in simple ions given the atomic number and mass number 1.24 Be able to explain the formation of ions in ionic compounds from their atoms, limited to compounds of elements in groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 1.25 Be able to explain the use of the endings –ide and –ate in the names of compounds 1.26 Be able to deduce the formulae of ionic compounds (including oxides, hydroxides, halides, nitrates, carbonates and sulfates) given the formulae of the constituent ions 1.27 Be able to explain the structure of an ionic compound as
Be able to represent three dimensional shapes in two dimensions and vice versa when looking at chemical structures Introduction to Chemical Bonding Revision Notes Ionic bonding and ionic compounds and their properties including working out formulae Revision Notes Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials Word-fill quiz "Metal Structure and Ionic Compounds" * Covalent Bonding (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.28 Be able to explain how a covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms 1.29 Be able to recall that covalent bonding results in the formation of molecules 1.30 Be able to recall the typical size (order of magnitude) of atoms and small molecules Be able to relate size and scale of atoms to objects in the physical world. Be able to estimate size and scale of atoms Introduction to Chemical Bonding Revision Notes Covalent bonding and small molecules and their properties Revision Notes Atomic Structure page has a size comparison table of various 'particles' Revision Notes Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials Word-fill quiz "Simple Covalent Molecular Substances" Word-fill quiz "Molecular modelling and bonding diagrams of covalent molecules" Types of substances (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.31 Be able to explain the formation of simple molecular, covalent substances, using dot and cross diagrams, including:
1.32 Be able to explain why elements and compounds can be classified as:
and how the structure and bonding of these types of substances results in different physical properties, including relative melting point and boiling point, relative solubility in water and ability to conduct electricity (as solids and in solution) Ionic compounds - structure and properties Revision Notes Covalent small simple molecules - structure and properties Revision Notes Macromolecules, giant covalent structures, polymers - structure and properties Revision Notes Metals – structure and properties Revision Notes Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials 1.33 Be able to explain the properties of ionic compounds limited to:
Ionic compounds - structure and properties Revision Notes 1.34 Be able to explain the properties of typical covalent, simple molecular compounds limited to:
Covalent small simple molecules - structure and properties Revision Notes 1.35 Be able to recall that graphite and diamond are different forms of carbon and that they are examples of giant covalent substances 1.36 Be able to describe the structures of graphite and diamond 1.37 Be able to explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why graphite is used to make electrodes and as a lubricant, whereas diamond is used in cutting tools Macromolecules, giant covalent structures, polymers - structure and properties Revision Notes for 1.35 to 1.37 Word-fill quiz "The Structure and Uses of different forms of carbon" 1.38 Be able to explain the properties of fullerenes including C60 and graphene in terms of their structures and bonding Fullerenes; bucky balls and carbon nanotubes and Graphene Revision Notes 1.39 Be able to describe, using poly(ethene) as the example, that simple polymers consist of large molecules containing chains of carbon atoms Addition polymer structure - properties and uses including poly(ethene) Revision Notes 1.40 Be able to explain the properties of metals, including malleability and the ability to conduct electricity 1.41 Be able to describe the limitations of particular representations and models to include dot and cross, ball and stick models and two- and three-dimensional representations 1.42 Be able to describe most metals as shiny solids which have high melting points, high density and are good conductors of electricity whereas most non-metals have low boiling points and are poor conductors Metallic bonding, properties and uses of metals Revision Notes Be able to represent three dimensional shapes in two dimensions and vice versa when looking at chemical structures, e.g. allotropes of carbon. Be able to translate information between diagrammatic and numerical forms Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials Revision Notes Calculations involving masses (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.43 Be able to calculate relative formula mass given relative atomic masses Calculating relative formula/molecular mass (Mr) of a compound or element molecule Revision Notes Type in answer quiz on relative formula mass Multiple Choice quiz on relative formula mass 1.44 Be able to calculate the formulae of simple compounds from reacting masses and understand that these are empirical formulae Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ 1.45 Be able to deduce:
empirical formula & molecular formula of a compound/molecule Notes examples near top of page 1.46 Be able to describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of a simple compound such as magnesium oxide. Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ 1.47 Be able to explain the law of conservation of mass applied to:
Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations Revision Notes Type in answer quiz on the law of conservation of mass Multiple choice quiz on the law of conservation of mass 1.48 Be able to calculate masses of reactants and products from balanced equations, given the mass of one substance Reacting mass ratio calculations of reactants and products from equations (NOT using moles) Type in answer QUIZ on reacting masses Multiple choice QUIZ on reacting masses 1.49 Be able to calculate the concentration of solutions in g dm–3 Concentration of solution in terms of mass and volume Revision Notes 1.50 (HT only) Be able to recall that one mole of particles of a substance is defined as
Introducing moles: The connection between moles, mass and formula mass - Avogadro number 1.51 (HT only) Be able to calculate the number of:
Introduction to moles type in answer QUIZ Introduction to moles multiple choice QUIZ 1.52 (HT only) Be able to explain why, in a reaction, the mass of product formed is controlled by the mass of the reactant which is not in excess. How much of a reactant is needed? calculation of quantities required, limiting quantities Revision Notes 1.53 (HT only) Be able to deduce the stoichiometry of a reaction from the masses of the reactants and products Reacting mass ratio calculations of reactants and products from equations (NOT using moles) The basis of reacting mole ratio calculations (relating reacting masses and formula mass) Revision Notes Suggested practicals
See deduction exercise near the end of the Introduction to chemical bonding Revision Notes page
Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ
Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles)
See Water of crystallisation - method and calculation Revision Notes Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
The other Topics 2-5 for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 1 ONLY (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 1) Topic 2 States of matter and mixtures (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 2 "States of matter and mixtures") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry 1 Topic 2 "States of Matter" quiz questions content: state changes, particle models, methods of separating mixtures, test for purity (need more questions on separating mixtures and purifying water) for all students:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes You should be able to ... 2.1 Be able to describe the arrangement, movement and the relative energy of particles in each of the three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas 2.2 Be able to recall the names used for the interconversions between the three states of matter, recognising that these are physical changes: contrasted with chemical reactions that result in chemical changes 2.3 Be able to explain the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles during these interconversions 2.4 Be able to predict the physical state of a substance under specified conditions, given suitable data States of Matter - particle theory - gas, liquid & solid properties-behaviour, state changes Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on States of Matter (gases, liquids & solids) and State Changes Easy multiple choice quiz on "Particle models of gases, liquids and solids and solutions" 4 Easy word-fill quizzes on "The Particles Model of Gases, Liquids and Solids" 7Gwf1 * 7Gwf2 * 7Gwf3 * 7Gwf4 3 Linked easy quizzes on "The States of Matter" States1mp * States2mp * States3mp (very basic questions) Methods of separating and purifying substances (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 2 "States of matter and mixtures") You should be able to .... 2.5 Be able to explain the difference between the use of ‘pure’ in chemistry compared with its everyday use and the differences in chemistry between a pure substance and a mixture. Need more questions on separation of mixtures Definitions in Chemistry including pure, impure, mixture with examples explained Revision Notes 2.6 Interpret melting point data to distinguish between pure substances which have a sharp melting point and mixtures which melt over a range of temperatures. 2.7 Be able to explain the experimental techniques for separation of mixtures by:
Methods of Separating Mixtures of substances Revision Notes Distillation - Simple and Fractional Distillation Revision Notes Paper & thin layer chromatography (tlc) Revision Notes Filtration, evaporation, crystallisation, drying and decantation Revision Notes 2.8 Be able to describe an appropriate experimental technique to separate a mixture, knowing the properties of the components of the mixture. See links above 2.9 Be able to describe paper chromatography as the separation of mixtures of soluble substances by running a solvent (mobile phase) through the mixture on the paper (the paper contains the stationary phase), which causes the substances to move at different rates over the paper Paper & thin layer chromatography (tlc) Revision Notes 2.10 Interpret a paper chromatogram:
Paper & thin layer chromatography (tlc) Revision Notes 2.11 Core Practical: Investigate the composition of inks using simple distillation and paper chromatography Distillation - Simple and Fractional Distillation Revision Notes Paper & thin layer chromatography (tlc) Revision Notes 2.12 Be able to describe how:
Water cycle, potable water, water treatment etc. Revision Notes Distillation - Simple Revision Notes Word-fill quiz "Particle models of elements, compounds and mixtures" Easy multiple choice quiz on "Atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures" (questions on basic chemistry) 4 linked easy quizzes on "Separation of Mixtures" 7Hwf1 * 7Hwf2 * 7Hwf3 * 7Hwf4 Easy matching pair quiz based on "Solubility and Solutions" 7Hmp1 (important words and definitions) 5 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Compounds and Mixtures" 8Fwf1 * 8Fwf2 * 8Fwf3 * 8Fwf4 * 8Fwf5 Easy matching pair quiz on "Elements, Compounds and Mixtures" ecm1mp (matching particle model pictures) Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 3 Chemical changes (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 3 "Chemical changes") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry 1 Topic 2 "Chemical Change" quiz questions content: pH scale, indicator colours, reactions of acids with metals, insoluble bases and alkalis, carbonates, tests for hydrogen and carbon dioxide, methods of preparing salts, acid-alkali titrations, rules on salt solubility, explaining electrolysis of electrolyte solutions - sodium chloride, acidified water, copper sulfate, molten salts, different electrode products (HT only) electrode equations, oxidation and reduction theory, half-equations for cathode and anode changes Easy multiple choice quiz on "Acids, alkalis, salts and simple chemical reactions" (basic chemistry) Easy word-fill quizzes on "Acids and Alkalis" 7Ewf1 * 7Ewf2 * 7Ewf3 * 7Ewf4 Easy matching pair quiz on "pH"
for HT students:
for FT students:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Acids (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 3 "Chemical changes") You should be able to .... 3.1 Be able to recall that acids in solution are sources of hydrogen ions and alkalis in solution are sources of hydroxide ions 3.2 Be able to recall that a neutral solution has a pH of 7 and that acidic solutions have lower pH values and alkaline solutions higher pH values 3.3 Be able to recall the effect of acids and alkalis on indicators, including litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthalein Everyday examples of acid-alkali chemistry - examples and uses of acids and alkalis (pH quoted too) Notes pH scale, indicator colours, ionic theory of acids, alkalis (bases) & neutralisation Revision Notes 3.4 (HT only) Be able to recall that the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in an acidic solution, the lower the pH; and the higher the concentration of hydroxide ions in an alkaline solution, the higher the pH 3.5 (HT only) Be able to recall that as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution increases by a factor of 10, the pH of the solution decreases by 1 pH scale, indicator colours, ionic theory of acids, alkalis (bases) & neutralisation Revision Notes 3.6 Investigate the change in pH on adding powdered calcium hydroxide/calcium oxide to a fixed volume of dilute hydrochloric acid 3.7 (HT only) Be able to explain the terms dilute and concentrated, with respect to amount of substances in solution More on acid-base theory and weak and strong acids and their properties Revision Notes 3.8 (HT only) Be able to explain the terms weak and strong acids, with respect to the degree of dissociation into ions More on acid-base theory and weak and strong acids and their properties Revision Notes 3.9 Be able to recall that a base is any substance that reacts with an acid to form salt and water only 3.10 Be able to recall that alkalis are soluble bases pH scale, indicator colours, ionic theory of acids, alkalis (bases) & neutralisation Revision Notes 3.11 Be able to explain the general reactions of aqueous solutions of acids with:
Reactions of acids with metals/oxides/hydroxides/carbonates and neutralisation reactions Notes 3.12 Be able to describe the chemical test for: (a) hydrogen, (b) carbon dioxide (using limewater) Summary of 'GCSE' chemical tests for ions and gases with equations Revision Notes Quiz on Qualitative Analysis - chemical test methods and deductions from results 3.13 Be able to describe a neutralisation reaction as a reaction between an acid and a base 3.14 Be able to explain an acid-alkali neutralisation as a reaction in which hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid react with hydroxide ions (OH–) from the alkali Ionic theory of acids, alkalis (bases) & neutralisation Revision Notes 3.15 Be able to explain why, if soluble salts are prepared from an acid and an insoluble reactant:
Making a soluble salt by from an acid with a metal or insoluble base – oxide, hydroxide or carbonate Notes 3.16 Be able to explain why, if soluble salts are prepared from an acid and a soluble reactant:
Making a soluble salt by neutralising a soluble acid with a soluble base (alkali) Revision Notes How to do titrations and calculations e.g. acid-alkali titrations (and diagrams of apparatus) Revision Notes 3.17 Core Practical: Investigate the preparation of pure, dry hydrated copper sulfate crystals starting from copper oxide including the use of a water bath 3.18 Be able to describe how to carry out an acid-alkali titration, using burette, pipette and a suitable indicator, to prepare a pure, dry salt How to do titrations and calculations e.g. acid-alkali titrations (and diagrams of apparatus) Revision Notes Making a soluble salt by neutralising a soluble acid with a soluble base (alkali) Revision Notes 3.19 Be able to recall the general rules which describe the solubility of common types of substances in water:
Important formulae, salt solubility table 8b. and water of crystallisation Revision Notes
The summary is also on Methods of making salts index, tests for gases and ions, summary of compound solubilities 3.20 Be able to predict, using solubility rules, whether or not a precipitate will be formed when named solutions are mixed together, naming the precipitate if any Important formulae, salt solubility table 8b. and water of crystallisation Revision Notes Preparing an insoluble salt by mixing solutions of two soluble compounds Revision Notes 3.21 Be able to describe the method used to prepare a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt Preparing an insoluble salt by mixing solutions of two soluble compounds Revision Notes Practicals, hopefully you have done
QUIZZES for pH, acids, bases, salt etc. Multiple choice quiz on pH, Indicators, Acids, Bases, Neutralisation and Salts Revision Notes Structured question worksheet on Acid Reaction word equations and symbol equation question Word equation answers and symbol equation answers Word-fill worksheet on Acids, Bases, Neutralisation and Salts Matching pair quiz on Acids, Bases, Salts and pH Word-fill quiz "The reactions of acids with oxides, hydroxides and carbonates" * Word-fill quiz "Methods of making salts" Word-fill quiz "Chemical tests for common gases" Word-fill quiz "Uses of some common compounds" Electrolytic processes (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 3 "Chemical changes") You should be able to .... 3.22 Be able to recall that electrolytes are ionic compounds in the molten state or dissolved in water 3.23 Be able to describe electrolysis as a process in which electrical energy, from a direct current supply, decomposes electrolytes 3.24 Be able to explain the movement of ions during electrolysis, in which:
Introduction to electrolysis - electrolytes, non-electrolytes, electrode equations Revision Notes 3.25 Be able to explain the formation of the products in the electrolysis, using inert electrodes, of some electrolytes, including:
Electrolysis of acidified water (dilute sulfuric acid) and some sulfate salts and alkalis Revision Notes Electrolysis of sodium chloride solution (brine) Revision Notes Electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide (and other molten ionic compounds) Revision Notes Electrolysis of copper(II) chloride solution Revision Notes 3.26 Be able to predict the products of electrolysis of other binary, ionic compounds in the molten state Introduction to electrolysis - electrolytes, non-electrolytes, electrode equations Revision Notes Summary of electrode half-equations and products Revision Notes 3.27 (HT only) Write half equations for reactions occurring at the anode and cathode in electrolysis
3.28 (HT only) Be able to explain oxidation and reduction in terms of loss or gain of electrons 3.29 (HT only) Be able to recall that reduction occurs at the cathode and that oxidation occurs at the anode in electrolysis reactions 3.30 Be able to explain formation of the products in the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution, using copper electrodes, and how this electrolysis can be used to purify copper 3..31 Investigating the change in mass of the anode and of the cathode, when copper sulfate solution is electrolysed between copper electrodes. Electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution and electroplating Revision Notes covers 3.30 too Suggested practicals
Electrolysis of acidified water (dilute sulfuric acid) and some sulfate salts and alkalis Notes Electrolysis of sodium chloride solution (brine) Revision Notes Electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide (and other molten ionic compounds) Revision Notes Electrolysis of copper(II) chloride solution Revision Notes Test yourself with an Electrolysis Quiz (GCSE 9-1 HT Level (harder) Test yourself with an Electrolysis Quiz (GCSE 9-1 FT Level (easier) Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 4 Extracting metals and equilibria (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 4 "Extracting metals and chemical equilibria") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry 1 Topic 4 "Extracting metals and equilibria" quiz questions content: reactivity series of metals, their reactions with water, acids and salt solutions, explaining the reactivity series, extraction of metals by reduction of oxides with carbon or electrolysis of molten ores, theory of oxidation and reduction, reversible reactions, dynamic chemical equilibrium, reaction conditions for the Haber synthesis of ammonia, (HT only) how the position of an equilibrium depends on temperature, pressure and concentration (Higher Tier/Foundation Tier): Need questions on biological methods of metal extraction, recycling metals, life time assessment, life cycle assessment
for HT students:
for FT students:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Obtaining and using metals (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 4 "Extracting metals and chemical equilibria") You should be able to .... 4.1 Be able to deduce the relative reactivity of some metals, by their reactions with water, acids and salt solutions 4.2 (HT only) Be able to explain displacement reactions as redox reactions, in terms of gain or loss of electrons 4.3 Be able to explain the reactivity series of metals (potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, (carbon), zinc, iron, (hydrogen), copper, silver, gold) in terms of the reactivity of the metals with water and dilute acids and that these reactions show the relative tendency of metal atoms to form cations The Reactivity Series of Metals Revision Notes Metal Reactivity Series Experiments-Observations Revision Notes Introduction to oxidation and reduction theory and application to 'redox' reactions Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on the Reactivity Series of Metals Gap-fill worksheet on The Reactivity of Metals Structured question worksheet on the Metal Reactivity Series * (answers) 4.4 Be able to recall that:
Introduction to Metal Extraction Revision Notes 4.5 Be able to explain oxidation as the gain of oxygen and reduction as the loss of oxygen Introduction to oxidation and reduction theory and application to 'redox' reactions Revision Notes 4.6 Be able to recall that the extraction of metals involves reduction of ores Introduction to Metal Extraction Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on metal extraction Gap–word–fill exercise on metal extraction 4.7 Be able to explain why the method used to extract a metal from its ore is related to its position in the reactivity series and the cost of the extraction process, illustrated by
Introduction to Metal Extraction Revision Notes Extraction of Iron Revision Notes Extraction of Aluminium Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on metal extraction Gap–word–fill exercise on metal extraction 2nd Word-fill quiz "Extracting metals from their ores" 3rd Word-fill quiz "Extraction of Iron" 4.8 (HT only) Be able to evaluate alternative biological methods of metal extraction (bacterial and phytoextraction) Copper extraction by phytomining or bioleaching Revision Notes 4.9 Be able to explain how a metal’s relative resistance to oxidation is related to its position in the reactivity series The oxidation-corrosion of metals Revision Notes 4.10 Be able to evaluate the advantages of recycling metals, including economic implications and how recycling can preserve both the environment and the supply of valuable raw materials Economic & environmental issues on mineral extraction & reasons for recycling and methods Chemical & Pharmaceutical Industry Economics & Sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment, Recycling Revision Notes covers 4.11 too 4.11 Be able to describe that a life time assessment for a product involves consideration of the effect on the environment of obtaining the raw materials, manufacturing the product, using the product and disposing of the product when it is no longer useful 4.12 Be able to evaluate data from a life cycle assessment of a product Chemical & Pharmaceutical Industry Economics & Sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment, Recycling Revision Notes covers 4.11 too Suggested practicals
Reversible
reactions and equilibria
You should be able to .... 4.13 Be able to recall that chemical reactions are reversible and the use of
the symbol 4.14 Be able to explain what is meant by dynamic equilibrium Reversible Reactions - experiments described and explained Revision Notes Reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium (including Le Chatelier's Principle rules) Revision Notes 4.15 Be able to describe the formation of ammonia as a reversible reaction between nitrogen (extracted from the air) and hydrogen (obtained from natural gas) and that it can reach a dynamic equilibrium 4.16 Recall the conditions for the Haber process as: (a) temperature 450 °C, (b) pressure 200 atmospheres, (c) iron catalyst 4.17 (HT only) Be able to predict how the position of a dynamic equilibrium is affected by changes in:
Reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium (including Le Chatelier's Principle rules) Revision Notes The Haber Synthesis of ammonia - nitrogen fixation Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on Reversible Reactions, Equilibrium, Ammonia Synthesis & Uses Revision Notes Suggested practicals
Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 5 Separate Chemistry 1 (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 5 "Separate chemistry 1") HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) Transition metals, alloys and corrosion (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 5 "Separate chemistry 1") You should be able to .... 5.1C Be able to recall that most metals are transition metals and that their typical properties include:
Transition Metals eg iron and copper - their physical/chemical properties & uses (also mention of aluminium) Multiple choice quiz on the Transition Metals and their Compounds Word-fill worksheet on the Transition Metals 2nd Word-fill quiz "The Transition Metals" * 3rd Word-fill quiz "The Transition Metals" 4th Word-fill quiz "Uses of alloys" * 5.2C Be able to recall that the oxidation of metals results in corrosion 5.3C Be able to explain how rusting of iron can be prevented by:
Introduction to oxidation and reduction theory and application to 'redox' reactions Revision Notes The oxidation-corrosion of metals and the prevention of iron rusting Revision Notes Two gap-fill worksheets on Rusting and Metal Corrosion 5.4C Be able to explain how electroplating can be used to improve the appearance and/or the resistance to corrosion of metal objects The oxidation-corrosion of metals and the prevention of iron rusting Revision Notes Electrolysis and electroplating Revision Notes 5.5C Be able to explain, using models, why converting pure metals into alloys often increases the strength of the product Metals – structure and properties (including alloys) Revision Notes 5.6C Be able to explain why iron is alloyed with other metals to produce alloy steels Metals – structure and properties (including alloys) Revision Notes Transition Metals - uses of iron and steel Revision Notes 5.7C Be able to explain how the uses of metals are related to their properties (and vice versa), including aluminium, copper and gold and their alloys including magnalium and brass Metals – structure and properties (including alloys) Revision Notes Transition Metals eg iron and copper - their physical properties & uses (also mention of aluminium) Practicals you hopefully encountered
The oxidation-corrosion of metals and the prevention of iron rusting Revision Notes
Transition Metals eg iron and copper - chemical properties Revision Notes
Electrolysis and electroplating Revision Notes Quantitative analysis You should be able to .... 5.8C (HT only) Be able to calculate the concentration of solutions in mol dm–3 and
Concentration of solution in terms of mass and volume (section on g/dm3) Revision Notes Introduction to moles type in answer QUIZ Introduction to moles multiple choice QUIZ 5.9C Carry out an accurate acid-alkali titration, using burette, pipette and a suitable indicator How to do volumetric titration calculations e.g. acid-alkali titrations (and diagrams of apparatus) 5.10C (HT only) Carry out simple calculations using the results of titrations to calculate an unknown concentration of a solution or an unknown volume of solution required Molarity, volumes and solution concentrations (and diagrams of apparatus) Revision Notes How to do volumetric titration calculations e.g. acid-alkali titrations (and diagrams of apparatus) Titration multiple choice QUIZ 5.11C Be able to calculate the percentage yield of a reaction from the actual yield and the theoretical yield 5.12C Be able to describe that the actual yield of a reaction is usually less than the theoretical yield and that the causes of this include:
% reaction yield and theoretical yield calculations Revision Notes covers 5.11C to 5.12C 5.13C Be able to recall the atom economy of a reaction forming a desired product. 5.14C Be able to understand and calculate the atom economy of a reaction forming a desired product. Atom economy definition and calculations Revision Notes 5.15C (HT only) Be able to explain why a particular reaction pathway is chosen to produce a specified product, given appropriate data such as atom economy, yield, rate, equilibrium position and usefulness of by-products The Principles & Practice of Chemical Production - Synthesising Molecules Revision Notes Atom economy definition and calculations Revision Notes % reaction yield and theoretical yield calculations Revision Notes Rates of reaction Revision Notes Chemical equilibrium rules Revision Notes Calculations involving volumes of gases 5.16C (HT only) Be able to describe the molar volume, of any gas at room temperature and pressure, as the volume occupied by one mole of molecules of any gas at room temperature and pressure (The molar volume will be provided as 24 dm3 or 24000 cm3 in calculations where it is required) 5.17C (HT only) Be able to use the molar volume and balanced equations in calculations involving the masses of solids and volumes of gases 5.18C (HT only) Be able to use Avogadro’s law to calculate volumes of gases involved in a gaseous reaction, given the relevant equation Moles and the molar volume of a gas, Avogadro's Law Revision Notes Molar gas volume type in answer QUIZ Molar gas volume multiple choice QUIZ Reacting volumes type in answer QUIZ Reacting volumes multiple choice QUIZ Suggested practicals you may have done
Dynamic equilibria (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 1, Topic 5 "Separate chemistry 1") You should be able to .... 5.19C Be able to describe the Haber process as a reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia 5.20C (HT only) Be able to predict how the rate of attainment of equilibrium is affected by:
Reversible Reactions - experiments described and explained Revision Notes Reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium (including Le Chatelier's Principle rules) Revision Notes The Haber Synthesis of ammonia - nitrogen fixation Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on Reversible Reactions, Equilibrium, Ammonia Synthesis & Uses 5.21C (HT only) Be able to explain how, in industrial reactions, including the Haber process, conditions used are related to:
The Haber Synthesis of ammonia - nitrogen fixation Revision Notes 5.22C Be able to recall that fertilisers may contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds to promote plant growth 5.23C Be able to describe how ammonia reacts with nitric acid to produce a salt that is used as a fertiliser 5.24C Be able to describe and compare:
Multiple choice quiz on Reversible Reactions, Equilibrium, Ammonia Synthesis & Uses Practical: Preparing a sample of ammonium sulfate from ammonia solution and dilute sulfuric acid. Chemical cells and fuel cells (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 1, Paper 1, Topic 5 "Separate chemistry 1") You should be able to .... 5.25C Be able to recall that a chemical cell produces a voltage until one of the reactants is used up 5.26C Be able to recall that in a hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell hydrogen and oxygen are used to produce a voltage and water is the only product 5.27C Be able to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of fuel cells for given uses. Simple cells (batteries) Revision Notes Fuel Cells e.g. the hydrogen - oxygen fuel cell Revision Notes
ALL EDEXCEL GCSE (Grade 9-1) Level 1/Level 2 SCIENCES specifications and syllabus revision summary links Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) BIOLOGY 1st GCSE BIOLOGY paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Combined Science Biology 1 1st combined science biology paper (Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) BIOLOGY 2nd GCSE BIOLOGY paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 6-9) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) CHEMISTRY 1st GCSE CHEMISTRY Paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) CHEMISTRY 2nd GCSE CHEMISTRY Paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 6-9) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Physics 1st GCSE PHYSICS Paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-8) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Combined Science Physics 1st combined science physics paper (Topics 1-6) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Physics 2nd GCSE PHYSICS Paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 8-15) Watch out for HT Only sections AND make sure you know exactly which GCSE science course you are doing!
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INDEX
for all links
Topic 1 "Key Concepts in Chemistry"
QUIZ (Edexcel GCSE chemistry)
in equations and that the
direction of some reversible reactions can be altered by changing the reaction
conditions
