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Revision help links for separate science Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry paper 2
Revision summary help for the 9-1 Edexcel GCSE CHEMISTRY 1CH0/2F 1CH0/2H 2nd Exam Paper 2 - learning objectives for Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1CH0 2F 1CH0 2H chemistry 2 2020 exam paper onwards Edexcel Level 1/ 2 GCSE (Grade 9 - 1) Chemistry 2 (1CH0) Paper 2 - Edexcel (Grade 9-1) GCSE CHEMISTRY Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry", Topic 6 "Groups in the periodic table", Topic 7 "Rates of reaction and energy changes", Topic 8 "Fuels and Earth science", Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2" LINK for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY 1 paper 1 LINK for Edexcel GCSE Combined Science 1st chemistry paper 3 LINK for Edexcel GCSE Combined Science 2nd chemistry paper 4 This is a BIG website, you need to take time to explore it [SEARCH BOX] Use your mobile phone 'landscape' orientation? email doc brown - query? or comment? For ALL other exam papers, use and bookmark the link below PLEASE READ CAREFULLY THE FOLLOWING POINTS before using my Edexcel 9-1 GCSE science pages
Syllabus-specification CONTENT INDEX of revision summary notes Note: a C after the learning objective indicates it is for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry ONLY, NOT for Combined Science Revision summaries for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 1 Chemistry 1 (separate page) What's assessed in this paper? (for separate science Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY) SUMMARY Topic 1 – Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 3) SUMMARY Topic 2 – States of matter and mixtures (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 3) SUMMARY Topic 3 – Chemical changes (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 3) SUMMARY Topic 4 – Extracting metals and equilibria (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 3) SUMMARY Topic 5 – Separate chemistry 1 (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 1 paper 3) Revision summaries for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 Chemistry 2 (this page) What's assessed in this paper? (for separate science Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY) SUMMARY Topic 1 – Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 2) SUMMARY Topic 6 – Groups in the periodic table (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 2) SUMMARY Topic 7 – Rates of reaction and energy changes (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 2) SUMMARY Topic 8 – Fuels and Earth Science (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 2) SUMMARY Topic 9 – Separate chemistry 2 (Edexcel GCSE chemistry 2 paper 2)
TOPICS for Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 Chemistry 2 Note: a C after the learning objective indicates it is for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry ONLY, NOT for Combined Science INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC 1 Topics common to all chemistry papers A page of important ideas, concepts and definitions for chemistry students Formulae, equations and hazards Students should: 0.1 Be able to recall the formulae of elements, simple compounds and ions 0.2 Write word equations 0.3 Write balanced chemical equations, including the use of the state symbols (s), (l), (g) and (aq) 0.4 (HT only) Write balanced ionic equations 0.5 Be able to describe the use of hazard symbols on containers
0.6 Be able to evaluate the risks in a practical procedure and suggest suitable precautions for a range of practicals including those mentioned in the specification How to write word & symbol equations, work out formula and name compounds Revision Notes Hazard warning symbols and QUIZ on hazard warning symbols Revision Notes Ideas on experiment design and risk assessment Revision Notes Multiple Choice Quiz on balancing Symbol Chemical Equations with numbers Number fill Quiz on completing symbol equations (Q1 Q2 Q3) Some easy quizzes for you to explore on basic chemistry concepts from KS3 chemistry to GCSE chemistry Word-fill quiz "Balancing chemical symbol equations" * Word-fill quiz "(1) Important terms used in chemistry" Word-fill quiz "(2) Other terms and chemical symbols" Word-fill quiz "(3) More important terms used in chemistry" Word-fill quiz "Elements and compounds" Word-fill quiz "Particle models of elements, compounds and mixtures" Easy multiple choice quiz on "Atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures" Easy word-fill quizzes on "Simple Reactions" 7Fwf1 * 7Fwf2 * 7Fwf3 * 7Fwf4 6 Easy word-fill quizzes on "Patterns of chemical reactions" 9Fwf1 * 9Fwf2 * 9Fwf3 * 9Fwf4 * 9Fwf5 * 9Fwf6 5 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Reactions of metals & metal compounds" 9Ewf1 * 9Ewf2 * 9Ewf3 * 9Ewf4 * 9Ewf5 Easy multiple choice quiz on "Metals, compounds, their reactions and reaction patterns" 4 linked easy quizzes on "Separation of Mixtures" 7Hwf1 * 7Hwf2 * 7Hwf3 * 7Hwf4 Easy matching pair quiz based on "Solubility and Solutions" 7Hmp1 (important words and definitions) 4 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Atoms, Elements and Compounds" 8Ewf1 * 8Ewf2 * 8Ewf3 * 8Ewf4 5 Easy linked word-fill quizzes on "Compounds and Mixtures" 8Fwf1 * 8Fwf2 * 8Fwf3 * 8Fwf4 * 8Fwf5 Easy matching pair quiz on "Elements, Compounds and Mixtures" (matching particle model pictures) Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 1 - Key concepts in chemistry (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") A page of important ideas, concepts and definitions for chemistry students (Topic 1 – Overarching concepts in chemistry) (Topic 1 common to ALL chemistry papers) (for separate science Edexcel 9-1 GCSE CHEMISTRY) Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry" quiz questions content for chemistry 1/2: balancing equations, atomic structure, chemical calculations, periodic table, bonding and structure (higher/foundation tier)
for HT students:
for FT students:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Atomic structure (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") You should be able to ... 1.1 Be able to describe how the Dalton model of an atom has changed because of the discovery of subatomic particles 1.2 Be able to describe the structure of an atom as a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells 1.3 Be able to recall the relative charge and relative mass of a proton, a neutron and an electron 1.4 Be able to explain why atoms contain equal numbers of protons and electrons 1.5 Be able to describe the nucleus of an atom as very small compared to the overall size of the atom 1.6 Be able to recall that most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus 1.7 Be able to recall the meaning of the term mass number of an atom 1.8 Be able to describe atoms of a given element as having the same number of protons in the nucleus and that this number is unique to that element 1.9 Be able to describe isotopes as different atoms of the same element containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei 1.10 Calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms given the atomic number and mass number 1.11 Be able to explain how the existence of isotopes results in relative atomic masses of some elements not being whole numbers 1.12 (HT only) Calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative masses and abundances of its isotopes Atomic Structure - nucleus, electrons, isotopes etc. Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on Atomic structure, isotopes & electronic structure of atoms Atomic Structure crossword puzzle * Answers Gap-fill worksheet on Atomic Structure Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 1. fundamental particles Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 2. periodic table Extra Word-fill quiz "Atomic structure and elements" * Extra Word-fill quiz 2 "Atomic Structure" The periodic table (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.13 Be able to describe how Mendeleev arranged the elements, known at that time, in a periodic table by using properties of these elements and their compounds 1.14 Be able to describe how Mendeleev used his table to predict the existence and properties of some elements not then discovered 1.15 Be able to explain that Mendeleev thought he had arranged elements in order of increasing relative atomic mass but this was not always true because of the relative abundance of isotopes of some pairs of elements in the periodic table Periodic Table Notes - an overview Revision Notes with history section 1.16 Be able to explain the meaning of atomic number of an element in terms of position in the periodic table and number of protons in the nucleus 1.17 Be able to describe that in the periodic table
1.18 Be able to identify elements as metals or non-metals according to their position in the periodic table and be able to explain this division in terms of the atomic structures of the elements 1.19 Be able to predict the electronic configurations of the first 20 elements in the periodic table as diagrams and in the form, for example, 2.8.1 1.20 Be able to explain how the electronic configuration of an element is related to its position in the periodic table Periodic Table Notes - an overview Revision Notes Matching pair quiz on Atomic and electronic structure 2. periodic table Multiple choice quiz on the basics of the Periodic Table (best tackled after most periodic table sections done) Task sheet worksheet on Periodic Table history * (answers) Basic Periodic Table Task sheet worksheet * (answers) Gap-fill worksheet on the Periodic Table Element Symbol-name QUIZ - easier-pictorial Element symbol & name QUIZ harder - no pictures! Structured question on the reactivity of elements and the periodic table and answers Extra Word-fill quiz "Atomic structure and elements" * Extra Word-fill quiz 2 "Atomic Structure" Ionic bonding (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.21 Be able to explain how ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms to produce cations and anions, including the use of dot and cross diagrams 1.22 Be able to recall that an ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge 1.23 Be able to calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in simple ions given the atomic number and mass number 1.24 Be able to explain the formation of ions in ionic compounds from their atoms, limited to compounds of elements in groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 1.25 Be able to explain the use of the endings –ide and –ate in the names of compounds 1.26 Be able to deduce the formulae of ionic compounds (including oxides, hydroxides, halides, nitrates, carbonates and sulfates) given the formulae of the constituent ions 1.27 Be able to explain the structure of an ionic compound as
Be able to represent three dimensional shapes in two dimensions and vice versa when looking at chemical structures Introduction to Chemical Bonding Revision Notes Ionic bonding and ionic compounds and their properties Revision Notes
Covalent bonding (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.28 Be able to explain how a covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms 1.29 Be able to recall that covalent bonding results in the formation of molecules 1.30 Be able to recall the typical size (order of magnitude) of atoms and small molecules Be able to relate size and scale of atoms to objects in the physical world. Be able to estimate size and scale of atoms Introduction to Chemical Bonding Revision Notes Covalent bonding and small molecules and their properties Revision Notes Atomic Structure - size comparison table Revision Notes Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials Word-fill quiz "Simple Covalent Molecular Substances" Word-fill quiz "Molecular modelling and bonding diagrams of covalent molecules" Types of substances (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.31 Be able to explain the formation of simple molecular, covalent substances, using dot and cross diagrams, including:
1.32 Be able to explain why elements and compounds can be classified as:
and how the structure and bonding of these types of substances results in different physical properties, including relative melting point and boiling point, relative solubility in water and ability to conduct electricity (as solids and in solution) Ionic compounds - structure and properties Revision Notes Covalent small simple molecules - structure and properties Revision Notes Macromolecules, giant covalent structures, polymers - structure and properties Revision Notes Metals – structure and properties (including alloys) Revision Notes Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials 1.33 Be able to explain the properties of ionic compounds limited to:
Ionic compounds - structure and properties Revision Notes 1.34 Be able to explain the properties of typical covalent, simple molecular compounds limited to:
Covalent small simple molecules - structure and properties Revision Notes 1.35 Be able to recall that graphite and diamond are different forms of carbon and that they are examples of giant covalent substances
1.36 Be able to describe the structures of graphite and diamond 1.37 Be able to explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why graphite is used to make electrodes and as a lubricant, whereas diamond is used in cutting tools Macromolecules, giant covalent structures, polymers - structure and properties Revision Notes for 1.35 to 1.37 Word-fill quiz "The structure and uses of different forms of carbon" 1.38 Be able to explain the properties of fullerenes including C60 and graphene in terms of their structures and bonding Fullerenes; bucky balls and carbon nanotubes and Graphene Revision Notes 1.39 Be able to describe, using poly(ethene) as the example, that simple polymers consist of large molecules containing chains of carbon atoms Addition polymer structure - properties and uses including poly(ethene) Revision Notes 1.40 Be able to explain the properties of metals, including malleability and the ability to conduct electricity 1.41 Be able to describe the limitations of particular representations and models to include dot and cross, ball and stick models and two- and three-dimensional representations 1.42 Be able to describe most metals as shiny solids which have high melting points, high density and are good conductors of electricity whereas most non-metals have low boiling points and are poor conductors Metallic bonding, properties and uses of metals Revision Notes Word-fill quiz "Metal Structure and Ionic Compounds" * Be able to translate information between diagrammatic and numerical forms Quiz on the Structure, Properties and Chemical Bonding of Materials Calculations involving masses (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 1 "Key concepts in chemistry") 1.43 Be able to calculate relative formula mass given relative atomic masses Calculating relative formula/molecular mass (Mr) of a compound or element molecule Revision Notes Type in answer quiz on relative formula mass Multiple Choice quiz on relative formula mass 1.44 Be able to calculate the formulae of simple compounds from reacting masses and understand that these are empirical formulae Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ 1.45 Be able to deduce:
empirical formula and deducing molecular formula of a compound/molecule Note examples near top of page 1.46 Be able to describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of a simple compound such as magnesium oxide Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ 1.47 Be able to explain the law of conservation of mass applied to:
Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations Revision Notes Type in answer quiz on the law of conservation of mass Multiple choice quiz on the law of conservation of mass 1.48 Be able to calculate masses of reactants and products from balanced equations, given the mass of one substance Reacting mass ratio calculations of reactants and products from equations (NOT using moles) Type in answer QUIZ on reacting masses Multiple choice QUIZ on reacting masses 1.49 Be able to calculate the concentration of solutions in g dm–3 Concentration of solution in terms of mass and volume Revision Notes 1.50 (HT only) Be able to recall that one mole of particles of a substance is defined as
1.51 (HT only) Be able to calculate the number of:
Introduction to moles type in answer QUIZ Introduction to moles multiple choice QUIZ 1.52(HT only) Be able to explain why, in a reaction, the mass of product formed is controlled by the mass of the reactant which is not in excess How much of a reactant is needed? calculation of quantities required, limiting reactant quantities Revision Notes 1.53 (HT only) Be able to deduce the stoichiometry of a reaction from the masses of the reactants and products Reacting mass ratio calculations of reactants and products from equations (NOT using moles) The basis of reacting mole ratio calculations (relating reacting masses and formula mass) Revision Notes Practicals you may have encountered
Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Working out empirical formula from reacting masses type in answer QUIZ Working out empirical formula from reacting masses multiple choice QUIZ
Empirical formula and formula mass of a compound from reacting masses (easy start, not using moles) Revision Notes
Water of crystallisation - method and calculation Revision Notes
Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
The other Topics 6-9 for Chemistry Paper 2 ONLY Topic 6 Groups in the Periodic Table (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 6 "Groups in the periodic table") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Paper 2 Topic 6 "Groups in the Periodic Table" quiz questions content: chemistry of group 1 alkali metals, chemistry of group 7 halogens, properties of noble gases, structure of the periodic table (Higher Tier HT/Foundation Tier FT)
HT Level:
FT Level:
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Group 1 Alkali Metals (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 6 "Groups in the periodic table") You should be able to .... 6.1 Be able to explain why some elements can be classified as alkali metals (group 1), halogens (group 7) or noble gases (group 0), based on their position in the periodic table Periodic Table Notes - an overview, groups, periods, metals & non-metals Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on the basics of the Periodic Table 6.2 Be able to recall that Group 1 alkali metals: (a) are soft, (b) have relatively low melting points 6.3 Be able to describe the reactions of lithium, sodium and potassium with water 6.4 Be able to describe the pattern in reactivity of the alkali metals, lithium, sodium and potassium, with water; and use this pattern to predict the reactivity of other alkali metals 6.5 Be able to explain this pattern in reactivity in terms of electronic configurations. Group 1 Alkali Metals Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on the Group 1 Alkali Metals Word-fill worksheet on the Group 1 Alkali Metals 2nd Word-fill quiz "The Group 1 Alkali Metals" Group 7 The Halogens (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 6 "Groups in the periodic table") 6.6 Be able to recall the colours and physical states of chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature 6.7 Be able to describe the pattern in the physical properties of the halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and use this pattern to predict the physical properties of other halogens 6.8 Be able to describe the chemical test for chlorine 6.9 Be able to describe the reactions of halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine, with metals to form metal halides, and use this pattern to predict the reactions of other halogens 6.10 Be able to recall that the halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine, form hydrogen halides which dissolve in water to form acidic solutions, and use this pattern to predict the reactions of other halogens 6.11 Be able to describe the relative reactivity of the halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine, as shown by their displacement reactions with halide ions in aqueous solution, and use this pattern to predict the reactions of astatine 6.12 (HT only) Be able to explain why these displacement reactions are redox reactions in terms of gain and loss of electrons, identifying which of these are oxidised and which are reduced 6.13 Be able to explain the relative reactivity of the halogens in terms of electronic configurations. Group 7 Halogens - physical and chemical properties Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on the Group 7 Halogens A Group 7 "Halogens" task sheet worksheet * (answers) Word-fill work sheet on the Halogens The Halogens (matching pair quiz on their appearance) 2nd Word-fill quiz "The Group 7 Halogens" Group 0 Noble Gases (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 6 "Groups in the periodic table") 6.14 Be able to explain why the noble gases are chemically inert, compared with the other elements, in terms of their electronic configurations 6.15 Be able to explain how the uses of noble gases depend on their inertness, low density and/or non-flammability 6.16 Be able to describe the pattern in the physical properties of some noble gases and use this pattern to predict the physical properties of other noble gases Suggested practicals
Group 0 Noble Gases Revision Notes Multiple choice quiz on Group 0 The Noble Gases Wordfill worksheet on the Noble Gases (answers) 2nd Wordfill Quiz on the Noble Gases (answers) 3rdd Word-fill quiz "The Group 0 Noble Gases" Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 7 Rates of reaction and energy changes (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 7 "Rates of reaction and energy changes") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Paper 2 Topic 7 "Rates of reaction and energy changes" quiz questions content: factors effecting the rates of chemical reactions - temperature, concentration, catalysts, enzymes, explaining speed of reactions with the collision theory, energy changes - exothermic and endothermic reactions, (HT only) bond energy calculations (Higher Tier HT/Foundation Tier FT)
HT Level
FT Level
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Rates of reaction (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 7 "Rates of reaction and energy changes") You should be able to .... (all help links at the end after 7.8) 7.1 Core Practical: Investigate the effects of changing the conditions of a reaction on the rates of chemical reactions by:
7.2 Suggest practical methods for determining the rate of a given reaction 7.3 Be able to explain how reactions occur when particles collide and that rates of reaction are increased when the frequency and/or energy of collisions is increased 7.4 Be able to explain the effects on rates of reaction of changes in temperature, concentration, surface area to volume ratio of a solid and pressure (on reactions involving gases) in terms of frequency and/or energy of collisions between particles 7.5 Be able to interpret graphs of mass, volume or concentration of reactant or product against time 7.6 Be able to describe a catalyst as a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction without altering the products of the reaction, being itself unchanged chemically and in mass at the end of the reaction 7.7 Be able to explain how the addition of a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction in terms of activation energy 7.8 Be able to recall that enzymes are biological catalysts and that enzymes are used in the production of alcoholic drinks Practical: Investigating the effect of potential catalysts on the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. What do we mean by the rate/speed of reaction? how can we measure it? Revision Notes Examples of graphs of rate data, interpretation Revision Notes Particle model of the collision theory of chemical reaction rate factors Revision Notes Effect of changing reactant concentration in solution Revision Notes Effect of changing pressure in reacting gases Revision Notes Effect of changing particle size/surface area & stirring of a solid reactant Revision Notes Effect of changing the temperature of reactants Revision Notes Effect of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction Revision Notes Catalysts and activation energy Revision Notes Enzymes and Biotechnology Revision Notes Multiple choice Quiz on the Rates of Chemical Reactions Crossword on Rates of Reactions * Answers Wordfill worksheet on Rates of Chemical Reactions (1) matching pair quizzes on Rates of Chemical Reactions and (2) Heat energy changes in chemical reactions (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 7 "Rates of reaction and energy changes") (all help links at the end after 7.16) 7.9 Be able to recall that changes in heat energy accompany the following changes:
and that, when these reactions take place in solution, temperature changes can be measured to reflect the heat changes 7.10 Be able to describe an exothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is given out 7.11 Be able to describe an endothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is taken in 7.12 Be able to recall that the breaking of bonds is endothermic and the making of bonds is exothermic 7.13 Be able to recall that the overall heat energy change for a reaction is:
7.14 (HT only) Calculate the energy change in a reaction given the energies of bonds (in kJ mol–1) 7.15 Be able to explain the term activation energy 7.16 Be able to draw and label reaction profiles for endothermic and exothermic reactions, identifying activation energy Suggested practicals
Heat changes in chemical/physical changes - exothermic and endothermic Revision Notes Calorimeter methods of determining energy changes and examples of experiments you can do Reversible reactions and energy changes Revision Notes Activation energy and reaction profiles Revision Notes Catalysts and activation energy Revision Notes Introduction to bond energy/enthalpy calculations Revision Notes Energy transfer calculations from calorimeter results Revision Notes Quiz on Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 8 Fuels and Earth Science (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 8 "Fuels and Earth science") HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes Fuels You should be able to .... 8.1 Be able to recall that hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only 8.2 Be able to describe crude oil as:
Fossil Fuels Revision Notes Fractional distillation of crude oil & molecular properties related to uses of fractions 8.3 Be able to describe and explain the separation of crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures by the process of fractional distillation 8.4 Be able to recall the names and uses of the following fractions:
Fractional distillation of crude oil & molecular properties related to uses of fractions Revision Notes 8.5 Be able to explain how hydrocarbons in different fractions differ from each other in:
Fractional distillation of crude oil & uses of fractions Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets Word-fill quiz "Origin of Crude Oil" * Word-fill quiz "Crude Oil and its Fractional distillation" Word-fill quiz "Getting products from crude oil" Word-fill quiz "The Uses of the Fractions from Crude Oil" 8.6 Be able to explain an homologous series as a series of compounds which:
Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Why so many series of organic compounds? - homologous series Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets 8.7 Be able to describe the complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels as a reaction in which:
Alkanes - saturated hydrocarbons, structure and reactions including combustion Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets 8.8 Be able to explain why the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons can produce carbon and carbon monoxide 8.9 Be able to explain how carbon monoxide behaves as a toxic gas 8.10 Be able to describe the problems caused by incomplete combustion producing carbon monoxide and soot in appliances that use carbon compounds as fuels Air pollution - incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide & soot Revision Notes for 8.8 to 8.10 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets 8.11 Be able to explain how impurities in some hydrocarbon fuels result in the production of sulfur dioxide 8.12 Be able to explain some problems associated with acid rain caused when sulfur dioxide dissolves in rain water 8.13 Be able to explain why, when fuels are burned in engines, oxygen and nitrogen can react together at high temperatures to produce oxides of nitrogen, which are pollutants Air pollution - sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, acid rain Revision Notes for 8.11 to 8.13 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets Word-fill quiz "The chemistry of burning fossil fuels" Word-fill quiz "Air pollution chemistry and burning fossil fuels" Word-fill quiz "Reducing air pollution from power stations" Word-fill quiz "Reducing air pollution from cars" Word-fill quiz "Burning Fossil Fuels and Environmental Problems" 8.14 Be able to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen, rather than petrol, as a fuel in cars Biofuels - biogas, biodiesel, gashol, alternative fuels - hydrogen Revision Notes 8.15 Be able to recall that petrol, kerosene and diesel oil are non-renewable fossil fuels obtained from crude oil and methane is a nonrenewable fossil fuel found in natural gas Fossil Fuels Revision Notes Fractional distillation of crude oil & molecular properties related to uses of fractions Revision Notes 3 linked easy Oil Products gap-fill quiz worksheets 8.16 Be able to explain how cracking involves the breaking down of larger, saturated hydrocarbon molecules (alkanes) into smaller, more useful ones, some of which are unsaturated (alkenes). 8.17 Be able to explain why cracking is necessary Cracking - a problem of supply and demand, other products Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products - hydrocarbon chemistry Word-fill quiz "The Uses of the Fractions from Crude Oil" Word-fill quiz "More on hydrocarbon molecules" Word-fill quiz "Cracking Oil to make Alkanes and Alkenes" Word-fill quiz "Cracking oil fractions and uses of products" Word-fill quiz "Cracking, fuels and polymers" Word-fill quiz "More on uses of products from cracking" Suggested practicals
Earth and atmospheric science (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 8 "Fuels and Earth science") You should be able to .... 8.18 Be able to recall that the gases produced by volcanic activity formed the Earth’s early atmosphere 8.19 Be able to describe that the Earth’s early atmosphere was thought to contain:
8.20 Be able to explain how condensation of water vapour formed oceans 8.21 Be able to explain how the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was decreased when carbon dioxide dissolved as the oceans formed 8.22 Be able to explain how the growth of primitive plants used carbon dioxide and released oxygen by photosynthesis and consequently the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere gradually increased 8.23 Be able to describe the chemical test for oxygen
Our atmosphere - composition, determining % oxygen, uses of gases in air Revision Notes Recycling of gases - carbon cycle, global warming, oxygen balance and photosynthesis Revision Notes Past ancient atmospheres, changes due to man's activities Revision Notes Evolution of atmosphere - changes over billions of years, origin of life Revision Notes Word-fill quiz "The Earth's Atmosphere" Word-fill quiz "The Composition of the Earth's Atmosphere" Word-fill quiz "The Evolution of the Earth's Atmosphere" Word-fill quiz "More on the formation of the Earth's atmosphere" Word-fill quiz "Later developments of the Earth's atmosphere" 8.24 Be able to describe how various gases in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, absorb heat radiated from the Earth, subsequently releasing energy which keeps the Earth warm: this is known as the greenhouse effect 8.25 Be able to evaluate the evidence for human activity causing climate change, considering:
8.26 Be able to describe:
Greenhouse effect, global warming, climate change, carbon footprint from fossil fuel burning Notes for 8.24 to 8.26 Word-fill quiz "Air pollution chemistry and burning fossil fuels" Word-fill quiz "Reducing air pollution from power stations" Word-fill quiz "Reducing air pollution from cars" Word-fill quiz "Burning Fossil Fuels and Environmental Problems" Suggested practicals
Index of topics for Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Papers 1 and 2
Topic 9 Separate Chemistry 2 (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2") Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Paper 2 Topic 9 "Separate Chemistry 2" quiz questions content: chemical tests for ions, organic chemistry - oil fractions uses, hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, polymers, carboxylic acids (Higher Tier HT/Foundation Tier FT): Need questions on nanochemistry etc.
HT = higher tier (harder - usually more theory & depth) and FT = foundation tier (easier) 1st drafts of Edexcel quizzes
Summary of tests for gases and ions including equations Revision Notes Quiz on Qualitative Analysis - chemical test methods and deductions from results Qualitative analysis: tests for ions (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2") You should be able to .... 9.1C Be able to explain why the test for any ion must be unique 9.2C Be able to describe flame tests to identify the following ions in solids:
9.3C Be able to describe tests to identify the following ions in solids or solutions as appropriate:
9.4C Be able to describe the chemical test for ammonia 9.5C Be able to describe tests to identify the following ions in solids or solutions as appropriate:
Summary of tests for gases and ions including equations Revision Notes Quiz on Qualitative Analysis - chemical test methods and deductions from results 9.6C Core Practical: Identify the ions in unknown salts ...
9.7C Identify the ions in unknown salts, using results of the tests above 9.8C Be able to describe that instrumental methods of analysis are available and that these may improve sensitivity, accuracy and speed of tests Summary of tests for gases and ions including equations Revision Notes Quiz on Qualitative Analysis - chemical test methods and deductions from results 9.9C Be able to evaluate data from a flame photometer:
Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis Revision Notes Hydrocarbons (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2") You should be able to .... 9.10C Be able to recall the formulae of molecules of the alkanes, methane, ethane, propane and butane, and be able to draw the structures of these molecules, showing all covalent bonds 9.11C Be able to explain why the alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons Alkanes - saturated hydrocarbons, structure and reactions including combustion Revision Notes for 9.10 to 9.11 Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products - hydrocarbon chemistry 9.12C Be able to recall the formulae of molecules of the alkenes, ethene, propene, butene, and be able to draw the structures of these molecules, showing all covalent bonds (but-1-ene and but-2-ene only) 9.13C Be able to explain why the alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, describing that their molecules contain the functional group C=C 9.14C Be able to recall the addition reaction of ethene with bromine, showing the structures of reactants and products, and extend this to other alkenes 9.15C Be able to explain how bromine water is used to distinguish between alkanes and alkenes. Alkenes - unsaturated hydrocarbons - structure and reactions Revision Notes for 9.12 to 9.15 Multiple choice QUIZ on Oil Products - hydrocarbon chemistry Word-fill quiz "More on hydrocarbon molecules" Word-fill quiz "Examples of alkanes and alkenes and a test for alkenes" 9.16C Be able to describe how the complete combustion of alkanes and alkenes involves the oxidation of the hydrocarbons to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Word-fill quiz "The chemistry of burning fossil fuels" Suggested practicals
Polymers (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2") You should be able to .... 9.17C Be able to recall that a polymer is a substance of high average relative molecular mass made up of small repeating units 9.18C Be able to describe:
Word-fill quiz "Introduction to Polymers and Plastics" Word-fill quiz "Making and using polymers" 9.19C Be able to describe how other addition polymers can be made by combining together other monomer molecules containing C=C, to include poly(propene), poly(chloroethene) (PVC) and poly(tetrafluoroethene) (PTFE)
9.20C Deduce the structure of a monomer from the structure of an addition polymer and vice versa 9.21C Be able to explain how the uses of polymers are related to their properties and vice versa: including poly(ethene), poly(propene), poly(chloroethene) (PVC) and poly(tetrafluoroethene) (PTFE) Addition polymers, plastics, uses and problems Revision Notes for C9.17 to 9.21 9.22C (HT only) Be able to explain:
Comparing addition polymers and condensation polymers, thermosets, fibres, thermosoftening etc. 9.23C Be able to describe some problems associated with polymers including the:
9.24C Be able to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of recycling polymers, including economic implications, availability of starting materials and environmental impact Chemical & pharmaceutical Industry, economics & sustainability, finite resources, Life Cycle Assessment, recycling Revision Notes Addition polymers, plastics, uses and problems Revision Notes 9.25C Be able to recall that:
Natural Molecules - carbohydrates - sugars - natural polymers - starch and DNA Revision Notes Amino acids - natural polymers - proteins/polypeptides, enzymes & chromatography Revision Notes Alcohols and carboxylic acids (Edexcel 9-1 GCSE Chemistry 2, Paper 2, Topic 9 "Separate chemistry 2") Multiple choice QUIZ on other aspects of Organic Chemistry You should be able to .... 9.26C Be able to recall the formulae of molecules of the alcohols, methanol, ethanol, propanol (propan-1-ol only) and butanol (butan-1-ol only), and be able to draw the structures of these molecules, showing all covalent bonds 9.27C Be able to recall that the functional group in alcohols is –OH Alcohols - structures including ethanol - manufacture, properties and reactions Revision Notes 9.28C Core Practical: Investigate the temperature rise produced in a known mass of water by the combustion of the alcohols ethanol, propanol, butanol and pentanol Calorimeter methods of determining energy changes and examples of experiments you can do 9.29C Be able to recall the formulae of molecules of the carboxylic acids, methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic and butanoic acids, and Be able to draw the structures of these molecules, showing all covalent bonds 9.30C Be able to recall that the functional group in carboxylic acids is –COOH Carboxylic acids and esters, structure and reactions Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on other aspects of Organic Chemistry 9.31C Be able to recall that ethanol can be oxidised to produce ethanoic acid and extend this to other alcohols (reagents not required) Alcohols - structures including ethanol - manufacture, properties and reactions Revision Notes 9.32C Be able to recall members of a given homologous series have similar reactions because their molecules contain the same functional group and use this to predict the products of other members of these series Introduction to Organic Chemistry - homologous series - functional groups Revision Notes 9.33C Be able to describe the production of ethanol by fermentation of carbohydrates in aqueous solution, using yeast to provide enzymes Word-fill quiz "Making Alcohol and Uses of Alcohol" 9.34C Be able to explain how to obtain a concentrated solution of ethanol by fractional distillation of the fermentation mixture Alcohols - structures including ethanol - manufacture, properties and reactions Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on other aspects of Organic Chemistry Practical Prepare a solution of ethanol by fermentation Alcohols - structures including ethanol - manufacture, properties and reactions Revision Notes Multiple choice QUIZ on other aspects of Organic Chemistry Bulk and surface properties of matter including nanoparticles You should be able to .... 9.35C Compare the size of nanoparticles with the sizes of atoms and molecules 9.36C Be able to describe how the properties of nanoparticulate materials are related to their uses including surface area to volume ratio of the particles they contain, including sunscreens 9.37C Be able to explain the possible risks associated with some nanoparticulate materials General introduction to nanoscience and commonly used terms explained Revision Notes Nanochemistry - an introduction and potential applications Revision Notes Uses of Nanoparticles of titanium(IV) oxide, fat and silver Revision Notes 9.38C Compare, using data, the physical properties of glass and clay ceramics, polymers, composites and metals 9.39C Be able to explain why the properties of a material make it suitable for a given use and use data to select materials appropriate for specific uses Notes on concrete, glass, clay ceramics, bricks etc. Revision Notes Properties and uses of addition polymers (thermosoftening) Revision Notes Properties and uses of condensation polymers (thermosetting), compare with thermosoftening Properties and uses of metals and Transition Metals Revision Notes
ALL EDEXCEL GCSE (Grade 9-1) Level 1/Level 2 SCIENCES specifications and syllabus revision summary links Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) BIOLOGY 1st GCSE BIOLOGY paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Combined Science Biology 1 1st combined science biology paper (Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) BIOLOGY 2nd GCSE BIOLOGY paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 6-9) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) CHEMISTRY 1st GCSE CHEMISTRY Paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-5) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) CHEMISTRY 2nd GCSE CHEMISTRY Paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 6-9) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Physics 1st GCSE PHYSICS Paper 1 (separate science Topics 1-8) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Combined Science Physics 1st combined science physics paper (Topics 1-6) Edexcel GCSE (Grade 9-1) Physics 2nd GCSE PHYSICS Paper 2 (separate science Topics 1, 8-15) Watch out for HT Only sections AND make sure you know exactly which GCSE science course you are doing!
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INDEX
for all links
Topic 1 "Key Concepts in Chemistry"
QUIZ (Edexcel GCSE chemistry)