Practise exam questions on reversible reactions,
chemical equilibrium, synthesis and uses of ammonia (harder-higher tier GCSE level chemistry)
This means a chemical reaction is? [am-1]
reversible
exothermic
endothermic
decomposition
A reaction which gives out heat to the surroundings is described as? [am-2]
reversible
exothermic
endothermic
decomposition
A reaction which takes in heat from the surroundings is described as? [am-3]
reversible
exothermic
endothermic
decomposition
For a chemical reaction, the word 'reversible' means? [am-4]
heat is alternately given out and taken in as the reaction proceeds
reactants can only be converted to products
the products and reactants of a reaction are in a state of balance
products can be readily converted back to reactants
A + B C + D For the type of reaction shown above, which statement is TRUE? [am-5]
from left to right is called the forward reaction
from right to left is called the equilibrium reaction
if left to right is exothermic, from right to left is also exothermic
if left to right is endothermic, from right to left is also endothermic
A + B C + D For the type of reaction shown above, which statement is TRUE? [am-6]
from left to right is called the reversible reaction
from right to left is called the backward reaction
if left to right is exothermic, from right to left is also exothermic
if left to right is endothermic, from right to left is also endothermic
A + B C + D For the type of reaction shown above, which statement is TRUE? [am-7]
from left to right is called the reversible reaction
from right to left is called the equilibrium reaction
if left to right is exothermic, from right to left is endothermic
if left to right is endothermic, from right to left is also endothermic
A + B C + D For the type of reaction shown above, which statement is TRUE? [am-7]
from left to right is called the reversible reaction
from right to left is called the equilibrium reaction
if left to right is exothermic, from right to left is also exothermic
if left to right is endothermic, from right to left is exothermic
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-9]
the gases formed are colourless
the formation of the solid is endothermic
ammonium gas is formed
chloride gas is formed
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-10]
the gases formed are colourless and green
the formation of the solid is exothermic
ammonium gas is formed
chloride gas is formed
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-11]
the gases formed are colourless and green
the formation of the solid is endothermic
ammonia gas is formed
chloride gas is formed
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-12]
the gases formed are colourless and green
the formation of the solid is endothermic
ammonium gas is formed
hydrogen chloride gas is formed
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-13]
the gases are formed by an endothermic reaction
the formation of the solid is a decomposition reaction
ammonium gas is formed
chloride gas is formed
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-14]
the forward reaction (L to R) is exothermic
on heating, the hydrated solid changes colour from blue to white
the heating effect can be used as a test for water
the reaction is not reversible
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-15]
the forward reaction (L to R) is exothermic
on heating, the hydrated solid changes colour from white to blue
the reverse reaction can be used as a test for water
the reaction is not reversible
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-16]
the forward reaction (L to R) is exothermic
on heating, the hydrated solid changes colour from white to blue
the heating effect can be used as a test for water
the reaction is reversible
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-17]
the forward reaction (L to R) is endothermic
on cooling the heated solid and adding water, it changes colour from blue to white
the heating effect can be used as a test for water
the reaction is not reversible
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-18]
the reverse reaction (R to L) is endothermic
on cooling the heated solid and adding water, it changes colour from white to blue
the heating effect can be used as a test for water
the reaction is not reversible
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-19]
the forward reaction (L to R) is exothermic
on cooling the heated solid and adding water, it changes colour from blue to white
the reverse reaction (R to L) is exothermic
the heating effect can be used as a test for water
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-20]
the forward reaction (L to R) is exothermic
on cooling the heated solid and adding water, it changes colour from blue to white
the reverse reaction (R to L) is endothermic
the heating effect can be used to make anhydrous copper(II) sulfate
If J is nitrogen, what is raw material E? [am-21]
air
water
methane
nitrogen monoxide
If E is air, gas J is? [am-22]
oxygen
nitrogen
methane
nitrogen monoxide
If G is methane and water, gas L is? [am-23]
oxygen
nitrogen
hydrogen
nitrogen monoxide
If L is hydrogen, raw materials G are? [am-24]
water and carbon dioxide
nitrogen and hydrogen
methane and oxygen
water and methane (natural gas)
Catalyst M is? [am-25]
iron
platinum
manganese dioxide
Devarda's alloy
Gas Q is? [am-26]
carbon monoxide
nitrogen monoxide
hydrogen
nitrogen
Acid R is? [am-27]
hydrochloric acid
ethanoic acid
nitric acid
sulfuric acid
Acid W is? [am-28]
hydrochloric acid
ethanoic acid
nitric acid
sulfuric acid
Salt T is? [am-29]
ammonium nitrate
sodium nitrate
ammonium chloride
sodium amide
After the gases are cooled and compressed, the ammonia separates by? [am-30]
crystallisation
condensation
distillation
filtration
Which is used as an artificial fertiliser? [am-31]
nitric acid
sodium sulfate
ammonium sulfate
ammonium hydroxide
Which is used as an artificial fertiliser? [am-32]
nitric acid
sodium sulfate
ammonium hydroxide
ammonium nitrate
Which of the following is nitrogen gas? [am-33]
Which of the following is ammonia gas? [am-34]
Which of the following is methane gas? [am-35]
Which of the following is a nitrogen oxide? [am-36]
Which of the following is nitric acid? [am-37]
Which of the following is ammonium sulfate? [am-38]
Which of the following is ammonium nitrate? [am-39]
Which of the following is sulfuric acid? [am-40]
How many different elements make ammonium nitrate? [am-41]
3
9
4
6
How many atoms make up the formula of ammonium nitrate? [am-42]
3
9
4
6
How many different elements make up ammonium sulfate? [am-43]
3
5
4
6
How many atoms make up the formula of ammonium sulfate? [am-44]
4
7
11
15
Which is the most important element plants require from an artificial fertiliser like ammonium sulfate? [am-45]
N
H
S
O
Approximately what % of air is nitrogen? [am-46]
20%
80%
50%
30%
The name of the industrial method to make ammonia is known as the? [am-47]
Contact Process
Bosch Synthesis
Haber Synthesis
Cracking Process
Which of these is a good reason for adding artificial fertiliser to soil? [am-48]
helping reduce water pollution
neutralising acid soil
helping reduce crop disease
increasing soil fertility
Which of these is a good reason for adding artificial fertiliser to soil? [am-49]
increasing the nitrogen content of soil
increasing the alkalinity of soil
helping reduce crop disease
helping reduce water pollution
Which of these is a problem caused by the over-use of artificial fertilisers like ammonium nitrate on fields of crops? [am-50]
too acidic rainwater run-off into rivers
pollution of domestic water supply
increase in insect attacks on crops
increase in crop disease
Which of these is a problem caused by the over-use of artificial fertilisers like ammonium nitrate on fields of crops? [am-51]
too acidic rainwater run-off into rivers
increase in insect attacks on crops
overgrowth of algae in streams and rivers
increase in crop disease
Which set of data is typical of the reaction in industry used to make ammonia in terms of temperature and pressure? [am-52]
50oC, 200 atmospheres
150oC, 20 atmospheres
900oC, 2000 atmospheres
450oC, 200 atmospheres
Which chemical change involves an oxidation of a nitrogen compound? [am-53]
ammonia + oxygen ==> nitrogen monoxide + water
ammonia + nitric acid ==> ammonium nitrate
methane + water ==> carbon monoxide + hydrogen
ammonium chloride ==> ammonia + hydrogen chloride
Which chemical change is a neutralisation reaction? [am-54]
ammonia + oxygen ==> nitrogen monoxide + water
ammonia + nitric acid ==> ammonium nitrate
methane + water ==> carbon monoxide + hydrogen
ammonium chloride ==> ammonia + hydrogen chloride
Which chemical change is a neutralisation reaction? [am-55]
ammonia + oxygen ==> nitrogen monoxide + water
methane + water ==> carbon monoxide + hydrogen
sulfuric acid + ammonia ==> ammonium sulfate
ammonium chloride ==> ammonia + hydrogen chloride
Which chemical change is a thermal decomposition reaction? [am-56]
ammonia + oxygen ==> nitrogen monoxide + water
ammonia + nitric acid ==> ammonium nitrate
methane + water ==> carbon monoxide + hydrogen
ammonium chloride ==> ammonia + hydrogen chloride
The in the equation means the reaction is? [am-57]
reversible
decomposable
combustible
unpredictable
In the synthesis of ammonia what happens to the unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen? [am-58]
purified and let out into the atmosphere without causing pollution
recycled through the reaction chamber immediately
collected and stored for later ammonia production
burned to preheat the gases coming into the hot reactor to stop it cooling down
Ammonia is converted into the useful chemical product? [am-59]
nitrogen monoxide
nitrogen
nitric acid
nitromethane
Ammonia is converted into the useful chemical product? [am-60]
nitrogen monoxide
nitrogen
sodium sulfate
ammonium sulfate
Ammonia is converted into the useful chemical product? [am-61]
ammonium nitrate
nitrogen
nitromethane
nitrogen monoxide
A simple test for ammonia is? [am-62]
gives a squeaky pop! with a lit splint
turns damp red litmus blue
re-ignites a glowing splint
turns limewater milky
Ammonia dissolved in water is best described as a? [am-63]
weak acid solution
neutral salt solution
weak alkali solution
strong acid solution
The reaction to convert ammonia into artificial fertiliser salts, is an example of? [am-64]
oxidation
decomposition
equilibrium
neutralisation
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the uncatalysed activation energy for the endothermic thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride? [am-65]
profile 1, E1
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
profile 2, E6
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the overall heat absorbed by the catalysed endothermic thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride? [am-66]
profile 1, E1
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
profile 2, E6
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the activation energy for the iron catalysed exothermic formation of ammonia? [am-67]
profile 1, E1
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
profile 2, E6
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the overall energy change for the iron catalysed exothermic formation of ammonia? [am-68]
profile 1, E2
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
profile 2, E6
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the activation energy for the catalysed endothermic decomposition of ammonium chloride? [am-69]
profile 1, E2
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
profile 2, E6
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the activation energy for the uncatalysed exothermic formation of ammonia? [am-70]
profile 1, E2
profile 2, E4
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the overall energy change for the uncatalysed endothermic thermal decomposition ammonium chloride? [am-71]
profile 1, E2
profile 2, E4
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E5
On the reaction profile diagrams above, which energy change corresponds to the overall energy change for the uncatalysed exothermic formation of ammonia? [am-72]
profile 1, E2
profile 2, E4
profile 1, E3
profile 2, E6
[am-73] Which ratio numbers a, b and c are needed to balance the equation showing the formation of ammonia? a N2(g) + b H2(g) ==> c NH3(g)
1, 3 and 2
2, 3 and 2
1, 6 and 2
2, 3 and 6
[am-74] Which ratio numbers a, b, c and d are needed to balance the equation showing the oxidation of ammonia to nitrogen monoxide? a NH3(g) + b O2(g) ==> c NO(g) + d H2O(g)
4, 5, 2 and 3
4, 5, 4 and 6
2, 3, 4 and 6
2, 3, 2 and 3
[am-75] Which ratio numbers a, b, c and d are needed to balance the equation showing the overall conversion of nitrogen monoxide into nitric acid? a NO(g) + b H2O(l)+ c O2(g) ==> d HNO3(aq)
2, 2, 3 and 4
2, 4, 6 and 3
4, 2, 3 and 4
4, 4, 6 and 3
[am-76] Which ratio numbers a, b and c are needed to balance the equation showing the neutralisation of ammonia to form ammonium sulfate? a NH3(aq) + b H2SO4(aq) ==> c(NH4)2SO4(aq)
1, 1 and 2
2, 2 and 1
1, 2 and 2
2, 1 and 1
[am-77] Which ratio numbers a, b and c are needed to balance the equation showing the neutralisation of ammonia to form ammonium nitrate? a NH3(aq) + b HNO3(aq) ==> c NH4NO3(aq)
1, 1 and 1
2, 2 and 1
1, 1 and 2
2, 1 and 2
[am-78] Which ratio numbers a, b, c and d are needed to balance the equation showing the production of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam? a CH4(g) + b H2O(g) ==> c CO(g) + d H2(g)
2, 2, 2 and 3
1, 1, 1 and 3
1, 2, 2 and 6
2, 1, 1, and 3
Which is TRUE about the industrial synthesis of ammonia? [am-79]
the reaction is exothermic, so there are little energy costs in running the chemical plant
it is difficult to separate the ammonia from unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen because they have similar boiling or condensation points
it is more economic to get a low % of nitrogen/hydrogen mixture conversion to ammonia fast, than a high % yield more slowly
it is a costly process because it is an equilibrium reaction and you cannot get 100% conversion to ammonia
Which is TRUE about the industrial synthesis of ammonia? [am-80]
the reaction is exothermic, so there are little energy costs in running the chemical plant
it is difficult to separate the ammonia from unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen because they have similar boiling or condensation points
it is less economic to get a low % of nitrogen/hydrogen mixture conversion to ammonia fast, than wait longer for a high % yield of ammonia
it is a reasonably economic process because although it is an equilibrium reaction, you can get a low % conversion to ammonia fast and recycle unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen
Which is needed to bring about the conversion of nitrogen monoxide into nitric acid? [am-81]
oxygen and water
oxygen and hot platinum catalyst
hot iron catalyst and high pressure
water and an acid
Which is needed to bring about the conversion of ammonia into nitrogen monoxide? [am-82]
oxygen and water
oxygen and hot platinum catalyst
hot iron catalyst and high pressure
water and an acid
Which is needed to bring about the conversion of nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia? [am-83]
oxygen and water
oxygen and hot platinum catalyst
hot iron catalyst and high pressure
water and an acid
Which is needed to bring about the conversion of ammonia into fertiliser salts? [am-84]
oxygen and water
oxygen and hot platinum catalyst
hot iron catalyst and high pressure
water and an acid
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium? [am-85]
increase in temperature favours an endothermic reaction
decrease in temperature favours the reaction absorbing heat
increase in pressure favours a reaction forming the most gas molecules
decrease in pressure favours a reaction that removes gas molecules
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium? [am-86]
increase in temperature favours the heat releasing reaction
decrease in temperature favours an exothermic reaction
increase in pressure favours a reaction forming gas molecules
decrease in pressure favours the reaction forming the least gas molecules
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium? [am-87]
increase in temperature favours the heat releasing reaction
decrease in temperature favours an endothermic reaction
increase in pressure favours the reaction forming the least gas molecules
decrease in pressure does not favour a reaction forming gas molecules
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium? [am-88]
increase in temperature favours an exothermic reaction
decrease in temperature favours a heat absorbing reaction
increase in pressure favours a reaction forming gas molecules
decrease in pressure favours the reaction forming the most gas molecules
The equation shows the synthesis of ammonia in which 46 kJ heat energy is released (given out) per mole of ammonia formed. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-89]
increased pressure favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
decrease in temperature does not favour a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst increases the % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
increasing both pressure and temperature favour ammonia formation
The equation shows the synthesis of ammonia in which 46 kJ heat energy is released (given out) per mole of ammonia formed. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-90]
increased pressure does not favour a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
decrease in temperature favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst increases the % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
increasing both pressure and temperature favour ammonia formation
The equation shows the synthesis of ammonia in which 46 kJ heat energy is released (given out) per mole of ammonia formed. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-91]
decreased pressure favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
increase in temperature favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst does not affect the % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
decreasing both pressure and temperature favour ammonia formation
The equation shows the synthesis of ammonia in which 46 kJ heat energy is released (given out) per mole of ammonia formed. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-91]
decreased pressure favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
increase in temperature favours a larger % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst increases the % of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture
increasing pressure and decreasing temperature both favour ammonia formation
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions that have formed a chemical equilibrium? [am-93]
reactants are always changing into products
rate of forward reaction (L to R) is greater than the rate of the backward reaction (R to L)
the concentrations of reactants and products are constantly changing
using a catalyst increases the final amount of product formed
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions that have formed a chemical equilibrium? [am-94]
products stop changing into reactants
rate of forward reaction (L to R) is equal to the rate of the backward reaction (R to L)
the concentrations of reactants and products are constantly changing
using a catalyst increases the final amount of product formed
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions that have formed a chemical equilibrium? [am-95]
products stop changing into reactants
rate of forward reaction (L to R) is greater than the rate of the backward reaction (R to L)
the concentrations of reactants and products remain the same
using a catalyst increases the final amount of product formed
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions that have formed a chemical equilibrium? [am-96]
products stop changing into reactants
rate of forward reaction (L to R) is greater than the rate of the backward reaction (R to L)
the concentrations of reactants and products are constantly changing
using a catalyst does not increase the final amount of product formed
The equation above shows the making of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam, for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process. For every mole of methane reacted, 206 kJ of heat energy is absorbed (taken in) in forming the three moles of hydrogen. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-97]
decreasing the pressure favours a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
increasing the temperature does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst increases the final % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
increasing both pressure and temperature favours the formation of ammonia
The equation above shows the making of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam, for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process. For every mole of methane reacted, 206 kJ of heat energy is absorbed (taken in) in forming the three moles of hydrogen. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-98]
decreasing the pressure does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
increasing the temperature favours a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
using a catalyst increases the final % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
increasing both pressure and temperature favours the formation of ammonia
The equation above shows the making of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam, for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process. For every mole of methane reacted, 206 kJ of heat energy is absorbed (taken in) in forming the three moles of hydrogen. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-99]
decreasing the pressure does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
increasing the temperature does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
using a catalyst does not increase the final % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
increasing both pressure and temperature favours the formation of ammonia
The equation above shows the making of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam, for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process. For every mole of methane reacted, 206 kJ of heat energy is absorbed (taken in) in forming the three moles of hydrogen. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-100]
decreasing the pressure does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium mixture
increasing the temperature does not favour a bigger % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
using a catalyst increases the final % of hydrogen in the equilibrium
decreasing the pressure and increasing the temperature both favour the formation of ammonia
Which chemical change involves an oxidation of a hydrocarbon compound? [am-101]
methane + water ==> carbon monoxide + hydrogen
ammonia + nitric acid ==> ammonium nitrate
ammonia + oxygen ==> nitrogen monoxide + water
ammonium chloride ==> ammonia + hydrogen chloride
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This means a chemical reaction is? [am-1]
A reaction which gives out heat to the surroundings is described as? [am-2]
C + D
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt ammonium chloride. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-9]
The equation shows the effect of heat on the salt hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Which statement is TRUE about this reversible reaction? [am-14]
Which is used as an artificial fertiliser? [am-31]
Which of the following is nitrogen gas? [am-33] 
How many different elements make ammonium nitrate? [am-41]
How many different elements make up ammonium sulfate? [am-43]
Approximately what % of air is nitrogen? [am-46]
Which of these is a good reason for adding artificial fertiliser to soil? [am-48]
Which set of data is typical of the reaction in industry used to make ammonia in terms of temperature and pressure? [am-52]
Ammonia is converted into the useful chemical product? [am-59]
[am-73] Which ratio numbers a, b and c are needed to balance the equation showing the formation of ammonia?
[am-76] Which ratio numbers a, b and c are needed to balance the equation showing the neutralisation of ammonia to form ammonium sulfate?
Which is TRUE about reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium? [am-85]
The equation above shows the making of hydrogen from methane (natural gas) and steam, for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process. For every mole of methane reacted, 206 kJ of heat energy is absorbed (taken in) in forming the three moles of hydrogen. Which is TRUE about this reaction? [am-97]
