Advanced Organic Chemistry: The carbon-13 NMR spectrum of ethanol

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Interpreting the Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of ethanol (ethyl alcohol)  (re-edit)

Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry

Revision Notes for UK IB KS5 A/AS GCE advanced level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 honors organic chemistry courses involving molecular spectroscopy analysing C-13 NMR spectra

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C-13 NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

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C-13 nmr spectrum of ethanol analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of C-13 chemical shifts ppm of ethyl alcohol doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C shifts, called chemical shifts, depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - ethanol here.

Ethanol C2H6O, alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b , alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b , alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b , alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b

Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS and ETHERS

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of ethanol

As you can see from the diagram above there are only 2 chemical shift lines in the C-13 NMR spectrum of ethanol indicating 2 different chemical environments of carbon atoms.

CH3CH2OH

(Note the 2 colours indicating the different chemical environment of the carbon atoms in ethanol).

See also comparing the IR, mass, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of isomers of C2H6O below.
Comparing the infrared, mass, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of the 2 isomers of C2H6O

NOTE: The images are linked to their original detailed spectral analysis pages AND can be doubled in size with touch screens to increase the definition to the original ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and methoxymethane (dimethyl ether) image sizes.

INFRARED SPECTRA: Apart from the significant differences in the fingerprint region at wavenumbers 1500 to 400 cm-1, the most striking difference is the broad O-H stretching band ~3400 cm-1, found in the infrared spectrum of alcohols, but absent in the infrared spectrum of ethers.

MASS SPECTRA: Both ethanol and methoxymethane show some similarities in their mass spectra, but their base ion peaks are quite different - for ethanol it is m/z 31 and for methoxymethane it is m/z 45.

1H NMR SPECTRA: The 1H NMR spectra of ethanol and methoxymethane are quite significantly different. Ethanol gives 3 peaks in the proton ratio 3:2:1 (3 different chemical environments), whereas methoxymethane only gives one 1H chemical shift peak (all 6 protons in the same chemical environment).

13C NMR SPECTRA: The 13C NMR spectra of ethanol and methoxymethane are different. Ethanol gives two 13C resonances, but methoxymethane only one (2 different 13C chemical environments and a 13C single chemical environment).

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Associated links

The infrared spectrum of Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)

The mass spectrum of Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)

The H-1 NMR spectrum of Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)

The chemistry of ALCOHOLS revision notes INDEX

C-13 NMR spectroscopy index

ALL SPECTROSCOPY INDEXES

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