Advanced Organic Chemistry: Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of butan-1-ol

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Interpreting the Carbon-13 C13 NMR spectrum of butan-1-ol

(1-butanol, prim-butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry Revision Study Notes for UK IB KS5 A/AS GCE advanced A level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 organic chemistry courses involving molecular spectroscopy analysing C-13 NMR spectra of butan-1-ol 1-butanol

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C-13 NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

C-13 nmr spectrum of butan-1-ol analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of C-13 chemical shifts ppm of 1-butanol C13 13-C nmr doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C shifts, called chemical shifts, depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - butan-1-ol here.

Butan-1-ol C4H10O , alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b . alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of butan-1-ol (1-butanol, n-butyl alcohol)

As you can see from the diagram above there are 4 different chemical shift lines in the C-13 NMR spectrum of butan-1-ol indicating ? different chemical environments of the carbon atoms.

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

(Note the 4 colours indicating the 4 different chemical environment of the carbon atoms in butan-1-ol).

Note the decreasing effect on the chemical shift as the carbon atom is further from the highly electronegative oxygen atom of butan-1-ol.

The carbon-13 NMR spectra a provides direct evidence of 4 different carbon atom environments in the butan-1-ol molecule from 4 different chemical shifts (ppm).


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The infrared spectrum of butan-1-ol (1-butanol)

The mass spectrum of butan-1-ol (1-butanol,)

The H-1 NMR spectrum of butan-1-ol (1-butanol)

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