image diagram mass spectrum of benzene fragmentation pattern of ions for analysis and identification of benzene doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

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Advanced Organic Chemistry: Mass spectrum of benzene C₆H₆

Mass spectrum of benzene C₆H₆

Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry Revision Study Notes for UK IB KS5 A/AS GCE advanced A level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 organic chemistry courses involving molecular spectroscopy analysing mass spectra

image diagram mass spectrum of benzene fragmentation pattern of ions for analysis and identification of benzene doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

benzene C₆H₆, skeletal formula , structural/displayed formula

Interpreting the mass spectrum of benzene C₆H₆

[M]⁺ is the molecular ion peak (M) with an m/z of 78 corresponding to C₆H₆, the original molecule minus an electron, [C₆H₆]⁺.

The small M+1 peak at m/z 9, corresponds to an ionised benzene molecule with one ¹³C atom in it i.e. an ionised molecule of formula ¹³C¹²C₅H₆

Identifying the species giving the most prominent benzene peaks (apart from M) in the fragmentation pattern of benzene

m/z value of [fragment]⁺ 77 52 51 50 39

molecular fragment C₆H₅ C₄H₄ C₄H₃ C₄H₂ C₃H₃

Explaining the principal fragments

The 'phenyl' fragment m/z 77 is formed by the loss a proton from the molecular ion.

[C₆H₆]⁺ ===> [C₆H₅]⁺ + H

This is very indicative of the presence of a benzene ring in the molecule.

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