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WEBSITE HOMEPAGE - INDEX 'SITEMAP' of revision material Basic science quizzes designed for ~11 to 14 year old school science students
Revision notes and quizzes designed for ~14 to 16 year old school science students
Revision help for ~16 to 18 year old pre-university chemistry students
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There are no limits to what we can imagine using the biological structure and function of our brain. Our imagination is created by the laws of chemical reactions and quantum physics. Therefore, there are no limits to what science can achieve and help us understand, BUT, there will always be questions, both scientific and philosophical, about .... what we find out, what we can create, what we do with what we create, and, what we don't know or understand. Students from over 170 countries have used my site during the Covid-19 Pandemic ! Afghanistan * Albania * Algeria * American Samoa * Angola * Anguilla * Antigua and Barbuda * Argentina * Armenia * Australia * Austria * Azerbaijan * Bahamas * Bahrain * Bangladesh * Barbados * Belarus * Belgium * Belize * Benin * Bermuda * Bhutan * Bolivia * Bosnia & Herzegovina * Botswana * Brazil * British Virgin Islands * Brunei * Bulgaria * Burkina Faso * Burundi * Cambodia * Cameroon * Canada * Caribbean Netherlands * Chile * China * Colombia * Costa Rica * Croatia * Cuba * Cyprus * Czechia (Czech Republic) * Democratic Republic of Congo * Denmark * Dominica * Dominican Republic * Ecuador * Egypt * Estonia * Eswatini * Ethiopia * Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) * Fiji * Finland * France * Gambia * Georgia * Germany * Ghana * Greece * Guernsey * Guyana * Haiti * Honduras * Hong Kong * Hungary * Iceland * India * Indonesia * Iran * Iraq * Ireland * Israel * Italy * Jamaica * Japan * Jersey * Jordan * Kazakhstan * Kenya * Kiribati * Kosovo * Kuwait * Laos * Lebanon * Lesotho * Liberia * Lithuania * Luxembourg * Libya * Macao * Madagascar * Malawi * Malaysia * Maldives * Malta * Mauritius * Mexico * Moldova * Mongolia * Morocco * Mozambique * Myanmar * Namibia * Nepal * Netherlands * Nicaragua * Nigeria * Norway * Oman * Pakistan * Palestine * Panama * Papua New Guinea * Paraguay * Peru * Philippines * Poland * Portugal * Puerto Rico * Qatar * Romania * Russia * Rwanda * Saudi Arabia * Serbia * Seychelles * Sierra Leone * Singapore * Sint Maarten * Slovakia * Slovenia * Solomon Islands * Somalia * South Africa * South Korea * South Sudan * Spain * Sri Lanka * St Kitts and Nevis * St Lucia * St Vincent and Grenadines * Sudan * Suriname * Sweden * Syria * Switzerland * Taiwan * Tanzania * Thailand * Timor-Leste * Tonga * Trinidad and Tobago * Turkey * Turkmenistan * Turks and Caicos Islands * Uganda * Ukraine * United Arab Emirates * United Kingdom * United States * Uruguay * Uzbekistan * Vanuatu * Venezuela * Vietnam * Yemen * Zambia * Zimbabwe Secondary school, academy and college systems and my science website UK Secondary School System in terms of science and chemistry - for pupils of ages 11 to 18 KS3 Science - mixture of biology, chemistry and physics for pupils aged 11 to 13 (Pupil Years 7, 8 and 9) KS4 Science - a combined mixture of biology, chemistry and physics or three separate sciences for students aged 14 to 16 (Pupil Years 10 and 11) KS5 Pre-university Advanced Level Chemistry for students aged 16 to 18 (Year 12 and 13 students) Secondary school education in the USA to K-12 in terms of science and chemistry (some grade descriptions overlap) Middle School 6th to 8th grade ages 11 to 14 US grades 6,7,8 science Junior High School 7th to 9th grade ages 12 to 15 US grades 7,8,9 science - a combined mixture of biology, chemistry and physics High School 9th grade to 12th grade ages 14 to 18, (9th to 10th grade ages 14 to 16) US grades 9,10,11,12 biology, chemistry, physics Senior High School 10th to 12th grade ages 15 to 18, (11th to 12th grade ages 16 to 18) US grades 10,11,12 pre-university college chemistry Secondary education in India begins after eight years of elementary education and is divided into two years of secondary education (classes IX and X) and two years of senior secondary education (classes XI and XII). Therefore the Indian secondary school system consists of Upper primary for pupils ages 11 to 13, Secondary for pupils ages 14 to 16 and Upper secondary for students ages 17 to 18 ICSE (CISCE) The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examination, a private board of secondary education in India. It has been designed to provide an examination in a course of general education, in accordance with the recommendations of the New Education Policy 1986 (India), through the medium of English. The examination allows secure suitable representations of responsible for schools (which are affiliated to it) in their states or territories. ICSE includes for classes IX, X (Environmental Science and Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)) and XI and XII (chemistry). There are various Indian Examination Boards: At the
end of the secondary phase (class X), students take a set of externally
administered examinations from either a state or national (All-India)
examination board. Students who pass the secondary examinations earn a
certificate usually called the Secondary School Certificate or SSC.
These students are eligible for senior secondary school. Secondary
qualifications may also be known as: Indian Certificate of Secondary
Education (awarded by CISCE), Secondary School Certificate (awarded by
NIOS), Secondary School Leaving Certificate and the All-India Secondary
School Certificate (awarded by CBSE). Australian secondary school system Junior secondary school years 7 to 10 for pupils aged ~12 to 15 studying science as a mixture of biology, chemistry and physics as part of a Year 10 School Certificate Senior secondary school years 11 and 12 for students aged ~16 to 18 studying chemistry as a specialist pre-university advanced level as part of a Senior Secondary School Certificate of Education
"Doc Brown's Chemistry" is a website designed for science students studying GCSE Biology, GCSE/IGCSE Chemistry, GCSE Physics and Advanced Level Chemistry. My website covers the current science syllabus specifications from AQA, Edexcel and OCR examination boards. The website also covers International IGCSE science, biology, chemistry and physics courses. This science revision e-learning website includes notes & quizzes for chemistry, but now includes some biology and physics notes too AND lots of 'unofficial' revision summaries for ALL the current GCSE Sciences (links below). The new GCSE specifications starting in September 2016 are covered completely by Doc Brown's Chemistry plus biology and physics revision notes and specification summaries. The science, biology, chemistry and physics notes are generally aimed at 14-16 year old students and the UK GCSE/IGCSE notes roughly fit in with US grades 8-10.
NEW PAGES page13a * aldehydes ketones index 5.1 Molecular Structure and Nomenclature of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones 5.2 Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones and intermolecular bonding forces 5.3 Methods of preparing aldehydes and ketones 5.4 The structure and reactivity of aldehydes and ketones and nucleophilic addition of hydrogen cyanide 5.5 The reduction of aldehydes and ketones with NaBH4 and LiAlH4 * 5.6 Examples of addition - elimination condensation reactions of aldehydes and ketones 5.7 The oxidation of aldehydes and ketones, link with chemical tests and the iodoform reaction 5.8 The uses of aldehydes and ketones and their occurrence in nature * Feb 6th 6.0 INDEX of all revision notes on carboxylic acids and derivatives 6.1 Structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES, including nomenclature of isomers 6.1 Structure & naming of carboxylic acids and derivatives 6.2 The physical properties of carboxylic acids - trends discussed and explained (mpts, bpts, solubility, odours!) 6.3 Synthetic routes & methods of preparing carboxylic acids 6.4 The weakly acidic nature and general reactions of carboxylic acids acting as acids 6.5 Selective reduction of carboxylic acids - use of products in organic synthesis 6.6 The chlorination/bromination of carboxylic acids, use of products in organic synthesis 6.7 Preparation & reactions of acid chlorides with water, alcohols, ammonia, amines & mechanisms * Feb 7th 6.8 Esters - preparation, reactions including hydrolysis and transesterification Feb 9th 6.9 Natural esters - triglyceride fats and oils, manufacture of margarine and biodiesel Feb 10th 6.10 The manufacture, molecular structure, properties and uses of polyesters * Feb 12th 6.11 Amides - molecular structure, preparations and reactions 6.12 Nitriles - molecular structure, preparations and reactions 6.13 Amino acids - molecular structure, preparation and reactions 6.14 More on the uses of carboxylic acids and derivatives and occurrence in nature * Feb 16th Index of all aromatic chemistry pages Feb 17th 7.2 Proof of the structure of benzene, aromaticity and electrophilic reactivity in arenes Feb 19th 7.3 Sources and synthesis of arenes and physical properties of arene aromatic hydrocarbons 7.4 Free radical addition reactions of benzene and methylbenzene with hydrogen and chlorination of the methyl group of methylbenzene Feb 23rd 7.5 Electrophilic substitution - nitration of benzene and methylbenzene, properties and uses of nitro-aromatics Feb 25th 7.6 Electrophilic substitution - ring halogenation of benzene & methylbenzene, properties & uses of aryl halides Mar 3rd 7.14 The orientation of products on putting a 2nd substituent into a monosubstituted benzene derivative *biology chemistry physics online learning for science students in Afghanistan biology chemistry physics online learning for science students in Albania biology chemistry physics online learning for science students in Algeria biology 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