C6H12 infrared spectrum of cyclohexane prominent wavenumbers cm-1 detecting no functional groups present finger print for identification of cyclohexane image diagram doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

Advanced pre-university Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of cyclohexane cyclo-C₆H₁₂

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Interpreting & explaining the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane

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Introductory note on the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

Based in the infrared spectrum diagram for cyclohexane, only some of the most prominent peaks for particular bond vibrations are discussed, particularly if cyclohexane has a functional group with a particular characteristic wavenumber peak.

The infrared spectrum of cyclohexane is unique and the whole, or selected wavenumbers, can be used to fingerprint its identity, sometimes analysing a mixture containing cyclohexane or following its change of concentration in a reaction.

C6H12 infrared spectrum of cyclohexane wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of cyclohexane doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of cyclohexane. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm^-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of cyclohexane and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of cyclohexane.

Cyclohexane, C₆H₁₂ , , , all bond angles ~109^o

The molecular structure and naming of alkanes

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of cyclohexane

From 2950 to 2845 cm^-1 there are multiple peaks amounting to strong absorption due to C-H stretching vibrations in the -CH₂- or -CH₃ groups in octane.

The are other C-H absorptions due to C-H deformation vibrations of the CH₂ groups at 1480 to 1440 cm^-1.

Skeletal C-C vibrations show an absorption ~950 cm^-1 for -(CH₂)_n-, where n is >3, which is obviously the case in cyclohexane.

There are no specific characteristic lines for alkanes like cyclohexane because C-C and C-H vibrations are common to so many organic molecules and alkanes like cyclohexane have no functional group that gives a characteristic vibration.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the cyclohexane molecular structure.

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Where next? Links associated with cyclopentane

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The H-1 NMR spectrum of cyclohexane

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Website content © Dr Phil Brown 2000+. All copyrights reserved on revision notes, images, quizzes, worksheets etc. Copying of Doc Brown's pre-university advanced level chemistry website material is NOT permitted. Exam revision summaries & references to science course specifications are unofficial. These organic chemistry revision notes on spectroscopy (on the infrared spectrum of cyclohexane) suitable for use of pre-university students studying AQA advanced level chemistry, Edexcel advanced level chemistry, OCR advanced level chemistry, IB advanced level chemistry, WJEC (Eduqas) advanced level chemistry, CIE advanced level chemistry, CCEA advanced level chemistry, US grade 11-12 AP honors chemistry courses and they will also prove useful to 1st year undergraduate students of chemistry.