C7H16 infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane prominent wavenumbers cm-1 detecting ? functional groups present finger print for identification of 3,3-dimethylpentane image diagram doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

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Advanced Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane

Interpreting the infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane

Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry Revision Study Notes for UK IB KS5 A/AS GCE advanced A level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 organic chemistry courses involving molecular spectroscopy analysing infrared spectra of 3,3-dimethylpentane

C7H16 infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of 3,3-dimethylpentane doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of 3,3-dimethylpentane. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm^-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of 3,3-dimethylpentane and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of 3,3-dimethylpentane.

3,3-dimethylpentane C₇H₁₆

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of 3,3-dimethylpentane

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of 3,3-dimethylpentane

Strong C-H stretching vibration absorptions at wavenumbers 2940 to 2880 cm^-1 for the CH₂ and CH₃ groups in 3,3-dimethypentane.

Several strong C-H deformation vibration absorptions at wavenumbers 1480 to 1365 cm^-1 for the CH₂ and CH₃ groups in 3,3-dimethypentane.

Several strong C-C skeletal vibration absorptions associated with a C-(CH₃)₂ group occur at wavenumbers 840 to 790 and 1175 to 1140 cm^-1.

There are no specific characteristic lines for alkanes like heptane because C-C and C-H vibrations are common to so many organic molecules and alkanes like 3,3-dimethypentane have no functional group that gives a characteristic vibration.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the 3,3-dimethylpentane molecular structure.

Comparing the 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of the nine alkane structural isomers of C₇H₁₆ You can distinguish all 9 isomers from a data combination of their number of ¹H NMR chemical shifts, and their resulting integrated ¹H proton ratios, plus, their number of ¹³C chemical shifts.
Name of the alkane structural isomer of molecular formula C₇H₁₆	Abbreviated structural formulae of the nine isomers of molecular formula C₇H₁₆ (interpretation complications with 3-methylhexane and 2,3-dimethylpentane because they exhibit R/S isomerism due to a chiral carbon)	Skeletal formula of the nine alkane isomers of molecular formula C₇H₁₆	Number of ¹H NMR chemical shifts (δ) and proton ratio (links to spectrum)	Number of ¹³C chemical shifts (δ) (links to spectrum)
heptane			4 δ: proton ratio: 3:2:2:1 (6:4:4:2 in the molecule)	4 δ shifts
2-methylhexane			6 δ: proton ratio : 6:3:2:2:2:1	6 δ shifts
3-methylhexane			7 δ: proton ratio: 3:3:3:2:2:2:1 (simplification) !!!	7 δ shifts
3-ethylpentane			3 δ: proton ratio: 9:6:1	3 δ shifts
2,2-dimethylpentane			4 δ: proton ratio: 9:3:2:2	5 δ shifts
2,3-dimethylpentane			6 δ: proton ratio: 6:3:3:2:1:1 (simplification) !!!	6 δ shifts (simplification) !!!
2,4-dimethylpentane			3 δ: proton ratio: 12:2:2	3 δ shifts
3,3-dimethylpentane			3 δ: proton ratio: 3:3:2 (6:4:4 in the molecule)	4 δ shifts
2,2,3-trimethylbutane			3 δ: proton ratio: 9:6:1	4 δ shifts

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Stick diagram of the relative abundance of ionised fragments in the fingerprint pattern of the mass spectrum of xyz. Table of the m/e m/z values and formula of the ionised fragments in the mass spectrum of xyz. The m/e m/z value of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum of xyz. The m/e m/z value of the base ion peak in the mass spectrum of xyz. Possible examples of equations showing the formation of the ionised fragments in xyz. Revision notes on the mass spectrum of xyz. Matching and deducing the structure of the xyz molecule from its mass spectrum. Mass spectroscopy of aliphatic alkanes, mass spectra of xyz, a structural isomer of molecular formula C7H16

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