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Advanced Level Organic Chemistry: Reaction mechanisms - hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes
Part 10.4 Halogenoalkanes - Reaction with water and hydroxide ion - hydrolysis Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry Revision Study Notes for UK KS5 A/AS GCE IB advanced level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 organic chemistry email doc brown - comments - query? Index of organic chemistry technical terms and mechanism pages Index of ALL advanced revision notes on halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes) A Level Revision Notes PART 10 Summary of organic reaction mechanisms - Help in revising organic chemistry - A mechanistic introduction to organic chemistry and explanations of different types of organic reactions Part 10.4 Halogenoalkanes - Reaction with water and hydroxide ion - hydrolysis
Sub-index for this page 10.4.1 Introduction to halogenoalkane reactivity 10.4.2 Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane by hydroxide ion (hydrolysis with OH-) 10.4.3 Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane by direct hydrolysis with water 10.4.4 Extra comments on hydrolysing of halogenoalkanes with water or alkaline hydroxides 10.4 HALOGENOALKANES (old names 'haloalkanes' or 'alkyl halides') 10.4.1 Introduction to halogenoalkane reactivity
Remember: A neutral or negative nucleophile, Nuc: or Nuc:-, is an electron pair donor that can attack an electron deficient partially/wholly positive carbon atom to form a new C-Nuc bond. 10.4.2 Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane by hydroxide ion (hydrolysis with OH-)
SN1 mechanism
mechanism 1 - nucleophilic substitution of a halogenoalkane by hydroxide ion (SN1 'unimolecular' via carbocation)
SN2 mechanism
Also read the FURTHER COMMENTS for this reaction 10.4.3 Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane by direct hydrolysis with water
mechanism 10 - nucleophilic substitution of a halogenoalkane by water (SN1 unimolecular via carbocation)
mechanism 35 nucleophilic substitution of a halogenoalkane by water (SN2 bimolecular)
Further notes 10.4.4 FURTHER comments on the hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes with water or alkaline hydroxides
10.4.3 The nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkane by cyanide ion now on separate page 10.4.5 The elimination of hydrogen bromide from a bromoalkane now on separate page COMPLETE MECHANISM and Organic Synthesis INDEX (so far!) hydrolysis mechanism
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keywords phrases: reaction conditions formula
intermediates organic chemistry reaction mechanisms nucleophilic substitution R3C-X + OH-
==> R3C-OH + X- R3C-X + 2H2O ==> R3C-OH + X- + H3O+ C6H5CH2Cl + NaOH ==>
C6H5CH2OH + NaCl ClC6H4CH3 + NaOH ==> HOC6H4CH3 + NaCl (CH3)3CBr > (CH3)2CHBr >
CH3CH2Br > CH3Br (CH3)3C+ > (CH3)2CH+ > CH3CH2+ > CH3+ hydrolysis
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water with haloalkanes halogenoalkanes for university entrance examinations how
do you explain the reactivity of xyz towards nucleophiles like the hydroxide
ion? how do bond strength and bond polarity affect the reactivity of xyz?, give
the mechanism of hydrolysis of xyz with sodium hydroxide, describe the
difference between an unimolecular SN1 mechanism and a bimolecular SN2
mechanism, why can't aryl chlorides like chlorobenzene be readily hydrolysed by
sodium hydroxide solution? how does the relative stability of carbocations
affect the rate of nucleophilic attack on xyz? how does the stability of
carbocations affect the mechanistic steps of the hydrolysis of xyz with sodium
hydroxide? All copyrights reserved on
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