TYPES OF ENERGY STORE - examples explained

(c) Electrical energy & electrostatic energy stores

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Electrical energy and electrostatic energy stores

• Electrical energy is usually the flow of electrical charge in the form of negative electrons.

• When an electrical current flows ('electricity'), the electrons carry the energy from a higher potential energy to a lower potential energy - measured as the potential difference in volts.

• A battery is a source of electrical energy but it is initially a store of chemical energy.

• You can of course convert electrical energy to another energy store e.g. charging a battery to increase its chemical potential energy store.

• Electrical energy can be converted into light with bulbs, thermal energy in heaters, or kinetic energy in electric motors.

• Electrical energy can be stored as static electricity where electrical charge cannot move until the 'charged' material is placed in contact with an electrical conductor.

• With electrostatic energy you are dealing with:

  • repulsion of like charges (+ <=> + and - <=> -) ,

  • and the attraction of unlike charges (+ =><= -).

• Any attraction or repulsion movement of charged objects involves a force acting through a distance, so work is done and energy is transferred.

• When you rub a plastic rod with a cloth (diagram above) you create an electrostatic energy store.

• The rod can pick up tiny bits of paper - energy transferred - so work is done from the electrostatic energy store.

• For more see Static electricity and electric fields, uses and dangers of static electricity

• and The usefulness of electricity, power and the cost of using electricity calculations

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