Advanced Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene (CH3)2C=CH2

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Interpreting and explaining the infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene (2-methylprop-1-ene)

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy - analysing the infrared spectra of methylpropene, 2-methylpropene [spectra page updated April 4th 2026 *]

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Introductory note on the infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

Based in the infrared spectrum diagram for 2-methylpropene, only some of the most prominent peaks for particular bond vibrations are discussed, particularly if 2-methylpropene has a functional group with a particular characteristic wavenumber peak.

The infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene is unique and the whole, or selected wavenumbers, can be used to fingerprint its identity, sometimes analysing a mixture containing 2-methylpropene or following its change of concentration in a reaction.

infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene C4H8 (CH3)2C=CH2 wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of 2-methylprop-1-ene doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of 2-methylpropene. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of 2-methylpropene and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of 2-methylpropene.

2-methylpropene, alkenes structure and naming (c) doc b, alkenes structure and naming (c) doc b, alkenes structure and naming (c) doc b , skeletal formula of methylpropene 2-methylpropene advanced organic chemistry

The molecular structure and naming of alkenes

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of 2-methylpropene

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of 2-methylpropene

There are prominent bands of C-H stretching/deformation vibration absorptions peaking at wavenumbers ~3095 to 3075 cm-1, and also at wavenumbers 895 to 885 cm-1, associated with the C-H bonds in a R1R2C=CH2 grouping e.g. as in 2-methylpropene.

Overlapping with the above, are prominent bands due to C-H stretching vibration absorptions peak at wavenumbers ~2975 to 2860 cm-1, typical of molecules with a methyl alkyl group.

There is a characteristic absorption for C=C stretching vibrations, peaking at wavenumbers 1680 to 1620 cm-1, typical of an alkene like 2-methylpropene.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the 2-methylpropene molecular structure.

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The chemistry of ALKENES revision notes INDEX

The mass spectrum of 2-methylpropene (2-methylprop-1-ene)

The H-1 NMR spectrum of 2-methylpropene (2-methylprop-1-ene)

The C-13 NMR spectrum of 2-methylpropene (2-methylprop-1-ene)

Infrared spectroscopy index

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