C5H10 infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene 2-pentene Z-pent-2-ene prominent wavenumbers cm-1 detecting ? functional groups present finger print for identification of cis-pent-2-ene trans-pent-2-ene image diagram doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

Advanced Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₃

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Interpreting the infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene (E/Z geometrical isomers)

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy analysis of E/Z isomers of pent-2-ene [spectra page updated Mar 25th 2026 *]

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Introductory note on the infrared spectrum of E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans isomers)

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the infrared spectrum of E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans somers) is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

Based in the infrared spectrum diagram for E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans somers), only some of the most prominent peaks for particular bond vibrations are discussed, particularly if E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans somers) has a functional group with a particular characteristic wavenumber peak.

The infrared spectrum of E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans somers) is unique and the whole, or selected wavenumbers, can be used to fingerprint its identity, sometimes analysing a mixture containing E/Z pent-2-ene (cis/trans somers) or following its change of concentration in a reaction.

C5H10 infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene 2-pentene wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of trans-pent-2-ene doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

The infrared spectrum of the stereoisomer E-pent-2-ene (trans-2-pentene)

C5H10 infrared spectrum of 2-pentene Z-pent-2-ene wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of cis-pent-2-ene doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

The infrared spectrum of the stereoisomer Z-pent-2-ene (cis-2-pentene)

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm^-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene.

Pent-2-ene C₅H₁₀, has two E/Z isomers Z-pent-2-ene and E-pent-2-ene

Z/cis- alkenes structure and naming (c) doc b , E/trans-

The molecular structure and naming of alkenes

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene

Other than the fingerprint region, although many infrared absorptions are similar, there are some significant differences in the infrared spectra of the stereoisomers of pent-2-ene.

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of E-pent-2-ene (trans):

C-H stretching vibration bands at wavenumbers 3100 to 3040 cm^-1.

The very characteristic C=C stretching band at 1680 to 1620 cm^-1, but relatively weak for the Z-pent-2-ene isomer compared to E-pent-2-ene.

At wavenumbers 980 to 960 cm^-1, there are characteristic C-H stretching and deformation vibration absorptions associated with the RCH=CHR' (R, R' = alkyl) grouping for the E (trans) isomer of pent-2-ene.

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of Z-pent-2-ene (cis):

C-H stretching vibration bands at wavenumbers 3100 to 3040 cm^-1.

The very characteristic C=C stretching band at 1680 to 1620 cm^-1, but a much stronger absorption compared to E-pent-2-ene.

At wavenumbers 730 to 665 cm^-1, there are characteristic C-H stretching and deformation vibration absorptions associated with the RCH=CHR' (R, R' = alkyl) for the Z (cis) isomer of pent-2-ene.

Although there are some similarities in the infrared spectra of the E/Z isomers of pent-2-ene, they have quite different finger-print patterns, particularly at lower wavenumbers.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene molecular structure.

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Links associated with E-pent-2-ene and Z-pent-2-ene

The chemistry of ALKENES revision notes INDEX

Infrared spectroscopy index

The mass spectra of the E/Z isomers of pent-2-ene (cis/trans isomers of 2-pentene)

The H-1 NMR spectra of the E/Z isomers of pent-2-ene (cis/trans isomers of 2-pentene)

The C-13 NMR spectra of the E/Z isomers of pent-2-ene (cis/trans isomers of 2-pentene)

ALL SPECTROSCOPY INDEXES

STEREOISOMERISM general definition, E/Z (geometric/geometrical cis/trans) isomerism
All Advanced Organic Chemistry Notes

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