Interpreting the infrared spectrum of 1-chloropropane

Doc Brown's Chemistry Advanced Level Pre-University Chemistry Revision Study Notes for UK IB KS5 A/AS GCE advanced A level organic chemistry students US K12 grade 11 grade 12 organic chemistry courses involving molecular spectroscopy analysing infrared spectra of 1-chloropropane

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Spectra obtained from a liquid film of 1-chloropropane. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of 1-chloropropane, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm^-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of 1-chloropropane and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of 1-chloropropane.

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of 1-chloropropane

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of 1-chloropropane

C-H stretching vibrations at wavenumbers ~2880 to 3080 cm^-1.

C-H bending vibrations at wavenumbers ~1300 to 1500 cm^-1.

C-C-C skeletal vibrations from the CH₃-C-CH₃ grouping occur at wavenumbers ~1140 to 1175 cm^-1. and 840 to 790 cm^-1.

Characteristic groups of C-Cl vibrations at wavenumbers ~580 to 780 cm^-1.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the 1-chloropropane molecular structure.