ICSE Classes XI and XII CHEMISTRY  *  CBSE Classes X, XI and XII CHEMISTRY

 Doc Brown's Chemistry   INDIA - CISCE - ISC CHEMISTRY Class XI and Class XII

Helps the CHEMISTRY of the CISCE (Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations) ISC Class XI and Class XII syllabus-specifications

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Email query?comment about this page BUT I do NOT have time to answer chemistry questions at the moment and I do NOT deal in past examination papers. My site is NOT comprehensive but I hope sections of it will help for many topics on your chemistry course.

The colour coding is [ORGANIC], [INORGANIC], [PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL]

and [useful basic revision notes]

ISC chemistry Class XI - SECTION A

ISC chemistry Class XI 1. Atoms and Molecules

1. section 3. Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations

2. section 1. Relative atomic mass (A_r) and isotopic mass

ISC chemistry Class XI 2. Atomic Structure

1. GCSE Atomic Structure Notes including mass spectrometry of elements - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, 'simple' electronic structure and the Periodic Table and mass spectrometry for isotope analysis and calculation of relative atomic mass (A_r) and measurement of molecular mass

2. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 2 "Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies" - Electron arrangements - electron configurations and the Periodic Table - s, p, d and f blocks - ionization energy patterns, section on hydrogen spectrum and emission spectroscopy

ISC chemistry Class XI 3. Periodic Table

1. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 1 "Historical Introduction" and the full modern periodic table

2. Periodic Table Notes Part 11: Compiled tables of data on Groups 1-7,0 and 3d-block-Transition Metals (Groups 1-18) links to periodicity graphs

ISC chemistry Class XI 4. Chemical Bonding

1. Introduction to BONDING the following sections cover the basic ideas, but some of the advanced concepts are NOT dealt with yet

2. Revision notes on the basics of Ionic BONDING and an ionic lattice

3. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and small molecules and their properties

4. A Level Thermodynamics Part 2 includes electron affinity and lattice energy (lattice enthalpy)

5. Revision notes on shapes and bond angles of simple molecules (VSEPR), ions, transition metal complexes and a section on shape and bond angles in organic molecules

ISC chemistry Class XI 5. The Gaseous State

1. States of Matter: gas-liquid-solid revision notes

2.  States of Matter Part II More advanced topics on the Ideal Gas Laws, p-V-T and PV=nRT calculations, kinetic particle model-theory and ideal and non-ideal real gas behaviour (compressibility factors and Van der Waals equation)

ISC chemistry Class XI 6. Colloidal Solutions

1. -

ISC chemistry Class XI 7. Chemical Kinetics

1. Basic Notes on the rates of reactions - kinetics

2. Extra GCSE Industrial Chemistry Notes - section 2. on enzymes (keyword alphabetical index near top of the page)

3. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts

ISC chemistry Class XI 8. Chemical Equilibria

1.  Starter GCSE Notes on reversible reactions, equilibrium, ammonia synthesis

2. Advanced Chemistry Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle

3. Equilibria Part 2 K_c and K_p equilibrium expressions and calculations

4. Equilibria Part 3 equilibrium and industrial processes

ISC chemistry Class XI - SECTION B

ISC chemistry Class XI 9. Study of representative elements

1. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 2 "Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies" - Electron arrangements - electron configurations and the Periodic Table - s, p, d and f blocks - ionization energy patterns, section on hydrogen spectrum and emission spectroscopy

2. Periodic Table Notes Part 11: Compiled tables of data on Groups 1-7,0 and 3d-block-Transition Metals (Groups 1-18) links to periodicity graphs

10. Preparation, properties and uses of Compounds of Groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15

1. Periodic Table: detailed Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 7 Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals - detailed revision notes

ISC chemistry Class XI 11. Redox Reactions

1. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 1 includes introduction to electronegativity, explaining oxidation and reduction reactions and oxidation state/oxidation number changes

2. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 2 analysing and constructing full redox equations from half-cell reactions

ISC chemistry Class XI - SECTION C

ISC chemistry Class XI 12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

1. A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry (look for 'general formulae' and links to organic molecular structure and nomenclature/naming pages)

2. Revision notes on molecule shapes - section added on the bond angles of organic molecules

ISC chemistry Class XI 13. Types of Chemical Reactions and their Mechanisms

1.  MECHANISM Introduction and terms used in organic chemistry - on the mechanism pages the type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a suitable reference, there is also a reaction index on each page includes notes on bond fission and types of attacking reagents e.g. electrophiles and nucleophiles and types of reaction e.g. substitution, addition etc. AND LINKS to different mechanisms for various homologous series and functional groups.

ISC chemistry Class XI 14. Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1. The structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKANES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of alkanes

3. Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

4. Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES

5. Notes on the Structure and Naming of Aromatic Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

6.  MECHANISMS AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS - introduction to arene electrophilic substitution mechanisms links to various reactions including equation and reaction conditions

ISC chemistry Class XI 15. Alkyl and Aryl Halides

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming of HALOGENOALKANES/HALOALKANES and classification into primary (prim)/secondary (sec)/tertiary (tert) (including nomenclature of many isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)

3. Notes on the Structure and Naming of Aromatic Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

4.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes/alkyl halides) - includes reagents, reaction conditions and exemplar balanced equations showing product formation

ISC chemistry Class XI 16. Applications of Chemicals

1. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - Alkane & alkene homologous series 'families', alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers, natural molecules - carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, proteins and cooking, natural fats & oils, hydrogenation of fats, soaps, Vitamin C, Drugs-analgesics, Food Additives and CFC's, Ozone layer and free radicals. Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page and can be read as a basic introductory view of what 'organic chemistry' is all about without the need for too many concepts!

2. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and giant structures and their properties and uses includes mention of carbon fibres

Class X1 Practical Work

1. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases, ions - cations and anions, organic functional groups/homologous series etc. (keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

2. section 11. Making up solutions - concentration & molarity

3. section 12. Volumetric acid-alkali titration easy calculations - apparatus/analysis

4. Structured Question worksheet including acid-base volumetric titration calculations (answers)

5. Extra GCSE notes on Electrochemistry - includes simple cells/batteries

ISC chemistry Class XII -SECTION A

ISC chemistry Class XII 1. Relative Molecular Mass and Mole

1. section 7. Introducing moles - the connection of moles, mass and formula mass

2. section 8. Using moles to deduce empirical/molecular formula of a compound/molecule starting with reacting masses or % composition by mass

3. section 11. Making up solutions - concentration & molarity

4. section 12. Volumetric acid-alkali titration easy calculations - apparatus/analysis

5. Structured Question worksheet including acid-base volumetric titration calculations (answers)

ISC chemistry Class XII 2. Chemical Bonding

1. Revision notes on the basics of Metallic BONDING, properties and uses of metals

ISC chemistry Class XII 3. States of Matters: Structure and Properties Solid State

1. States of Matter Notes, Gas Law calculations and Chemical Bonding Notes

ISC chemistry Class XII 4. Chemical Energetics

1. Thermodynamics Part 1: Thermochemistry - Calorimetry experiments - Enthalpies of reaction,formation, combustion and bond dissociation are explained with exemplar calculations

2. Enthalpy and Bond Energy Calculation Questions  (answers)

3. A Level Thermodynamics Part 2 ΔH Enthalpies of ion hydration, solution, atomisation, lattice energy, electron affinity and the Born-Haber cycle

4. Thermodynamics Part 3 ΔS Entropy and ΔG Free Energy Changes

ISC chemistry Class XII 5. Chemical Kinetics (including numericals)

1. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts, obtaining data, rate expressions and orders of reaction, deducing orders of reaction

2. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: Selected case studies of kinetics and rate expressions and calculations, deriving the activation energy E_a from kinetics-rates data and Kinetic versus thermodynamic stability

3.  MECHANISM Introduction and terms used in organic chemistry - on the mechanism pages the type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a suitable reference, there is also a reaction index on each page There are some kinetics notes added in some cases e.g. nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes.

ISC chemistry Class XII 6. Ionic Equilibria

1. Equilibria Part 5 pH, weak-strong acid-base theory and K_a, k_b and K_w equilibrium calculations

2. Equilibria Part 6 Salt hydrolysis, Acid-base titrations-indicators, pH curves and buffers

3. Equilibria Part 4 includes solubility product

ISC chemistry Class XII 7. Electrochemistry

1. Notes on Electrochemistry - an introduction to electrolysis, theory, electrolysis cells, industrial electrolysis process links summary, experimental methods for electrolysis, electrode equations, simple cells/batteries, fuel cells etc.

2. section 13. Electrolysis products calculations

3. Equilibrium Part 7 Redox equilibria, half-cell electrode potentials, predicting feasibility of a reaction, electrolysis and electrochemical series

ISC chemistry Class XII - SECTION B

ISC chemistry Class XII 8. Coordination Compounds

1. Part 10c Appendices on Transition Metals: Acidity of hexa-aqua ions * Complexes & ligands - the basics * The shapes of complexes and isomerism *  Electron configuration and colour theory * Redox equations, feasibility, calculating E^ø_reaction * Catalysis - homogeneous and heterogeneous examples and theory * Balancing redox equations * Stability Constants of complex ions * Colorimetry - quantitative analysis and determining the formula of a complex ion * Preparation of complexes Sub-index at top of page.

ISC chemistry Class XII 9. Chemistry of p-Block Elements: Group 16, 17, 18

1. Periodic Table Notes Part 11: Compiled tables of data on Groups 1-18

2. Group 7/17 The Halogens Notes - data, physical properties and chemistry of elements chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds, electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride/brine and the uses of the products - chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page - only basic ideas and facts covered

3. Group 0/18 Noble Gases Notes - data, properties, chemical inertness and uses. only basic ideas and facts covered

ISC chemistry Class XII 10. Preparation/ Manufacture, Properties and Uses of Compounds of Groups 16, 17, – Ozone, Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid

1. Industrial Chemistry Notes -  Contact Process for manufacture of sulphuric acid, uses of metals

2. Group 7/17 The Halogens Notes includes a bit on hydrochloric acid. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page - only basic ideas and facts covered

ISC chemistry Class XII 11. Chemistry of Transition and Inner-Transition Elements: d-Block: 3d, 4d and 5d series f-Block: 4f and 5f series

1. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 10a "3d block Transition Metals Series Introduction and Elements Sc to Mn on Period 4 - detailed revision notes

2. Part 10b 3d-block Transition Metals Fe to Zn - detailed revision notes + brief notes on other transition elements

3. Part 10c Appendices on Transition Metals: Acidity of hexa-aqua ions * Complexes & ligands - the basics * The shapes of complexes and isomerism *  Electron configuration and colour theory * Redox equations, feasibility, calculating E^ø_reaction * Catalysis - homogeneous and heterogeneous examples and theory * Balancing redox equations * Stability Constants of complex ions * Colorimetry - quantitative analysis and determining the formula of a complex ion * Preparation of complexes Sub-index at top of page.

4. Part 10d Extra 3d block Transition Metals data table, examples of oxidation states in compounds and complexes - complex ions, electrode potential chart, and Hydroxide precipitate pictures

ISC chemistry Class XII - SECTION C

ISC chemistry Class XII 12. Alcohols and Phenols

1. A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry (look for 'general formulae' and links to organic molecular structure and nomenclature/naming pages)

2. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS Part 1 Classification into primary (prim), secondary (sec) and tertiary (tert) - notes include isomers and other related compounds which may not be needed

3. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS Part 2 Diols, triols, cycloalcohols

4. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS (includes ethers which may not be needed)

5.  Mechanism: Alcohols - conversion to halogenoalkane (includes reagents, reaction conditions and exemplar balanced equations showing product formation)

6. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols (use top summary table index)

7. Qualitative Analysis: Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index for homologous series, reagents etc.) (alphabetical keyword index at top of page)

ISC chemistry Class XII 13. Ethers, Carbonyl Compounds

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS Part 1 Classification into primary (prim), secondary (sec) and tertiary (tert) - notes include isomers and other related compounds which may not be needed

2. Revision notes on the Structure and Naming of Carbonyl Compounds Aldehydes and Ketones

3. Multiple choice on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of Aldehydes and Ketones

4. Qualitative Analysis: Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index for homologous series, reagents etc.) (alphabetical keyword index at top of page)

5.  Mechanism: Carbonyl compounds - aldehydes/ketones nucleophilic addition of hydrogen cyanide to give a hydroxynitrile (includes reagents, reaction conditions and exemplar balanced equations showing product formation)

6. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols (use top summary table index)

ISC chemistry Class XII 14. Carboxylic acids and Acid Derivatives

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES

3. Qualitative Analysis: Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index for homologous series, reagents etc.) (alphabetical keyword index at top of page)

ISC chemistry Class XII 15. Cyanide, Isocyanide, Nitro compounds and Amines

1. Revision notes on the Structure, Classification and Naming of Organic Nitrogen Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice quiz on the Classification, Structure and Naming (nomenclature) of Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

ISC chemistry Class XII 16. Polymers

1. GCSE notes on Oil and useful products - includes some basic ideas on polymers/uses of plastics

2. Extra BASIC Organic Chemistry Notes - a bit on polymers

3.  (2c) Other organic stereochemistry including isotactic/atactic/syndiotactic poly(propene)

ISC chemistry Class XII 17. Isomerism

1.  Organic Chemistry ISOMERISM general definition and links to types of isomerism notes (use sub-index at top of page)

2.  Organic Chemistry (1) STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM general definition (use sub-index at top of page)

3.  Organic Chemistry (1a) Chain isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

4.  Organic Chemistry (1a) Chain isomerism (Ex 1a.1 discusses alkane isomers, intermolecular forces and boiling point)

5.  Organic Chemistry (1b) Positional isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

6.  Organic Chemistry (1c) Functional group isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

7.  Organic Chemistry (1d) Tautomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

8.  Organic Chemistry (2) STEREOISOMERISM general definition (use sub-index at top of page)

9.  Organic Chemistry (2a) Geometrical Isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

10.  Organic Chemistry (2b) Optical Isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

11. Spotting optical isomers Q (hand written) (answers)

12.  protein-enzyme structure, function and inhibition

13. Spotting Optical Isomers Question (hand written) (answers)

ISC chemistry Class XII 18. Biomolecules

1. Extra BASIC Organic Chemistry Notes short section on natural molecules - carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, proteins and cooking, natural fats & oils Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page

2.  (2c) Other organic stereochemistry including amino acids-proteins-polypeptides-enzymes (including enzyme inhibition)

3.  chiral auxiliaries and  combinational chemistry

4.  protein-enzyme structure, function and inhibition

some synoptic quizzes on organic naming and structure

1. General test on type of Organic Molecule Recognition based on examples of structure and recognition of functional groups, including isomers, so the quiz is mainly on recognition of types of molecules and their structural features and classification

2. ALIPHATIC ORGANIC STRUCTURE and NOMENCLATURE BUMPER MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ - on most of aliphatic nomenclature based on 6 combined quizzes: alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives (amides, acid chlorides, esters etc.)

Class X12 Practical Work

1. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases, ions - cations and anions, organic functional groups/homologous series etc. (keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

2. GCSE Notes for the basics of rates of reactions - kinetics

3. Structured Question worksheet on Acid-Base, silver nitrate for chloride and EDTA volumetric titration calculations (answers)

4. Structured Question worksheet on Redox Volumetric Titration Calculation Questions (answers and working)

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