Topic
6
Chemical
Kinetics
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
-
Notes for the basics of rates of reactions
-
KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions
revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts & heterogeneous
catalyst,
obtaining data
Topic
7 Equilibrium
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
Starter
notes on reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium
(includes introduction to Le Chatelier's Principle
Advanced
Chemistry Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle
Equilibria
Part 2 Kc and Kp equilibrium expressions
Equilibria Part 3
equilibrium and industrial processes
Topic
8 Acids and Bases
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
Simple Introduction to Acid-Base Theory and Weak and Strong
Acids
Equilibria:
Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theories
Self-ionisation of water and pH scale
Strong acids - examples and pH calculations
Weak acids - examples & pH, Ka and pKa calculations
Strong bases - examples and pH calculations
Weak bases - examples and pH, Kb and pKb calculations
Acid-base indicator theory, pH curves and
titrations
Volumetric titration procedures and calculations e.g. acid-alkali titrations
(and diagrams of apparatus and descriptions of procedures) and calculations
Advanced level
acid-base titration calculation questions (2 pages and worked out answers)
Topic
9 Redox processes - oxidation and reduction
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
Introduction to
oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions
Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions
- Part 1 electronegativity, explaining oxidation and reduction reactions and oxidation
state/oxidation number changes
Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions
- Part 2 analysing and constructing full
redox equations from half-cell reactions
Electrochemistry - an introduction to electrolysis, theory, electrolysis cells,
industrial electrolysis process links summary, experimental methods for
electrolysis, electrode equations, simple cells/batteries, fuel cells etc.
Topic
10 Organic chemistry
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
INDEX of ALL revision notes
on the chemistry of ALKANES and the petrochemical
industry
INDEX of
ALL revision notes on the chemistry ALKENES
INDEX of
ALL revision notes on the chemistry of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)
INDEX of ALL revision notes on the chemistry of ALCOHOLS (and mention of ethers)
A summary of
homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry
General test on type of Organic Molecule Recognition based on examples of structure and
recognition of functional groups, including isomers, so the quiz is mainly
on recognition of types of molecules and their structural features and
classification
Organic
Chemistry ISOMERISM general definition
(use sub-index at top of page)
Organic
Chemistry (1) STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM general
definition (use sub-index at top of
page)
Organic
Chemistry (1a) Chain isomerism (use sub-index at top of
page)
Organic
Chemistry (1b) Positional isomerism (use sub-index at top of
page)
Organic
Chemistry (1c)
Functional group
isomerism (use sub-index at top of
page)
Revision notes on the
structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKANES (and
cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers
Multiple
choice
Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of alkanes
Type
in name Quiz on the structure & naming of ALKANES (and
nomenclature of cycloalkanes)
Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES (and
cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers
Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming
(nomenclature) of ALKENES
Type in name Quiz on the
nomenclature of ALKENES
Revision notes on the structure and naming of HALOGENOALKANES
(haloalkanes notes parts 1-3), including nomenclature of many isomers
Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming
(nomenclature) of
HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)
Type in name Quiz on the
nomenclature of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)
Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic
ALCOHOLS (including classification into primary, secondary and tertiary
alcohols) and isomers, does include ethers, epoxy-alkanes which may not be
needed
Multiple choice Quiz on
the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS and ethers
Type in name Quiz on the
nomenclature of aliphatic ALCOHOLS and ethers
Revision notes on the
Structure and Naming of Aldehydes and Ketones, including nomenclature of isomers
Multiple choice on the structure and naming
(nomenclature) of Aldehydes and Ketones
Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones
Revision notes on the
structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES,
including nomenclature of isomers
Multiple choice Quiz
on the Structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES
Type in name Quiz on
the nomenclature of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES
Matching pair Quiz on aldehydes,
ketones, carboxylic acid and ester structure
(drag
and drop/printout version)
Combined matching
pair Exercises on organic molecular structure
GCSE notes on Oil and useful
products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses
e.g. fuel combustion, fossil fuels and environmental problems,
polymerisation, polymers etc.
MECHANISM
Introduction
and terms used in organic chemistry (on the mechanism pages the
type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a
suitable reference, also a reaction index)
Mechanism
of the free radical
chlorination/bromination of alkanes to make halogenoalkanes
Alkanes and Petrochemical Industry INDEX
The Molecular Structure and Nomenclature of Alkanes
Fractional distillation of crude
oil and uses of products
Modification of alkanes by
cracking, isomerisation and reforming
Complete and incomplete
combustion of alkanes and environmental pollution
Modification of hydrocarbon fuel
mixtures and alternative fuels
Chlorination and bromination of
alkanes, reaction mechanisms and uses of products
Topic
11 Measurements and data processing
(Core IB Chemistry topic)
Introduction
to the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
Introduction to mass
spectrometry
Index of mass spectroscopy notes: mass spectrometry of organic
compounds, examples explained
Index of infrared spectroscopy notes: infrared spectra analysis
of organic compounds, examples
Nuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy: 1H NMR spectra of organic
compounds, examples
Simple
NMR problem solving with % composition and infra-red absorption data
Additional Higher Level
Topics 12 to 20 (IB Chemistry)
Topic
12 Atomic
structure (Additional
higher level IB Chemistry topic)
Spectroscopy, hydrogen spectrum, evidence of quantum
levels, ionisation energy
patterns
Topic
13
The Periodic Table
- Transition Metals
(Additional higher level IB Chemistry topic)
3d block
and TRANSITION METALS Index and 20 linked pages
Topic
14 Chemical Bonding and Structure
(Additional higher level IB Chemistry topic)
Revision notes on shapes
and bond angles of simple molecules (VSEPR), ions, transition metal complexes and a section on
shape and bond angles in
organic molecules
Topic
15 Energetics - Thermochemistry
(Additional higher level IB Chemistry topic)
Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic
reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry
experiments and resulting data
GCSE Multiple choice quiz on Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
Thermodynamics Part 1: Thermochemistry - Calorimetry experiments -
Enthalpies of reaction, formation, combustion and bond dissociation
are explained with exemplar calculations
A Level Thermodynamics Part 2 ΔH Enthalpies of
ion hydration, solution, atomisation, lattice energy, electron affinity
and the Born-Haber cycle
Thermodynamics Part
3 ΔS Entropy and ΔG Free Energy Changes
Kinetic versus thermodynamic stability
- includes example of free energy-entropy feasibility calculation
Topic 16
Chemical Kinetics
(Additional higher level IB Chemistry topic)
KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions
revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts & heterogeneous
catalyst,
obtaining data, rate expressions and orders of reaction,
deducing orders of reaction
KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions
revision notes:
Selected case studies of kinetics and rate expressions and calculations, deriving the activation energy Ea from kinetics-rates data
and
Kinetic versus thermodynamic stability
Heterogeneous
and homogeneous catalysis mechanisms
Obtaining rate data,
interpreting data, deducing orders of reaction and rate expressions
The Arrhenius
equation and calculating the activation energy Ea from kinetics–rates data
Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes
(haloalkanes/alkyl halides)
Nucleophilic substitution by water/hydroxide ion
[SN1 or SN2, hydrolysis to alcohol] and
extra notes on
kinetics, rds, molecularity, activated complex etc.
Topic 17
Equilibrium (Additional
higher level IB Chemistry topic)
Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle
How to
write equilibrium
expressions and the effect of temperature on the equilibrium
constant K
How to
write Kc
equilibrium expressions, units and exemplar Kc calculations
including esterification
How to write Kp
expressions, units, partial pressures and exemplar Kp equilibrium calculations
Equilibrium and
industrial processes
More on ΔG, Free energy changes, feasibility and
applications
Calculating equilibrium
constants from free energy change
Topic 18 Acids and
Bases (Additional higher
level IB Chemistry topic)
Equilibria:
Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theories
Equilibria: pH, weak-strong
acid-base theory and Ka,
kb and Kw
equilibrium calculations
Equilibria: Salt hydrolysis,
Acid-base titrations-indicators, pH curves and buffers
Appendices on
Transition Metals: Appendix 1. Acidity of hexa-aqua ions
Structured Question worksheet on Acid-Base volumetric titration calculations (answers)
Topic 19 Oxidation
and reduction (Additional
higher level IB Chemistry topic)
Equilibrium Part 7 Redox equilibria, half-cell electrode potentials,
predicting feasibility of a reaction, electrolysis and electrochemical series
Redox equilibria, half-cell
reactions and electrode potentials
Simple cells notation and construction
The hydrogen electrode and standard conditions
Half-cell potentials, Electrochemical Series and using Eθcell for reaction feasibility
More on ΔG, Free energy changes, feasibility and
applications
Electrochemical cells ('batteries') and fuel cell systems
section 13. electrolysis calculations
Topic 20 Organic
Chemistry (Additional
higher level IB Chemistry topic)
INDEX of
ALL revision notes on the chemistry ALKENES
INDEX of
ALL revision notes on the chemistry of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)
INDEX of ALL revision notes on the
chemistry of AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
gen
Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes
(haloalkanes/alkyl halides)
Nucleophilic substitution by water/hydroxide ion
[SN1 or SN2, hydrolysis to alcohol] and
extra notes on
kinetics, rds, molecularity, activated complex etc.
Mechanism:
Halogenoalkanes
(haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic
substitution by cyanide ion
to make a nitrile
Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes
(haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic
substitution by ammonia to make a primary amine
Organic synthesis
redox reactions - including reduction of
nitriles (use top summary table index)
Mechanism:
Halogenoalkanes
(haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Elimination of
hydrogen bromide to give an alkene
Organic
Chemistry (2)
STEREOISOMERISM general definition (use sub-index at top of
page)
Organic
Chemistry E/Z (geometrical Isomerism) (use sub-index at top of
page)
Organic
Chemistry R/S (optical
Isomerism) (use sub-index at top of
page)
Spotting optical isomers Q (hand written) (answers)
Topic 21 Measurement and data
processing (Additional
higher level IB Chemistry topic)
INDEX and Introduction
to the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
Index of mass spectroscopy notes: mass spectrometry of organic
compounds, examples explained
Index of infrared spectroscopy notes: infrared spectra analysis
of organic compounds, examples
Nuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy: 1H NMR spectra of organic
compounds, examples
Options Standard Level/Higher Level:
Core and higher level topic options
(just some selected links that might be of use - but nothing like the
same cover of the 20 'non-option' topics)
OPTION A Materials (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Core topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Heterogeneous
and homogeneous catalysis mechanisms
|
All My synthetic
polymer-plastics revision notes pages
Introduction to addition polymers: poly(ethene), poly(propene), polystyrene, PVC,
PTFE - structure, uses
More on the
uses of plastics, issues with using plastics, solutions and recycling
methods
Introducing condensation polymers: Nylon, Terylene/PET,
comparing thermoplastics, fibres, thermosets
Extra
notes for more advanced level organic chemistry students
Polymerisation of alkenes to addition polymers - structure, properties, uses of
poly(alkene) polymers
|
NANOCHEMISTRY index - nanoscience nanoparticles fullerenes carbon nanotubes
Higher level topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
The manufacture, molecular structure, properties and uses of
polyesters
Amides
chemistry - a mention of
polyamides
The structure, properties and uses of
polyesters and polyamides involving aromatic monomers
The
chemistry of amides including Nylon formation, structure, properties and uses
Stereoregular polymers -
isotactic/atactic/syndiotactic poly(propene) - use of Ziegler-Natta
catalysts
3d block Transition Metals - Complexes
& ligands
Solubility product Ksp
& common ion effect
OPTION B Biochemistry (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Core topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Photosynthesis,
importance
explained, limiting factors affecting rate
Respiration - aerobic and anaerobic in plants (and
animals)
Amino acids - molecular
structure, preparation and reactions - two functional group
Protein-enzyme structure, function
and inhibition
Protein
analysis & synthesis AND combinatorial chemistry and
autosynthesis
Natural esters - triglyceride fats and oils,
manufacture of margarine and biodiesel
Higher level topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Enzyme kinetics
Other organic stereochemistry including
amino acids-proteins-polypeptides-enzymes (including enzyme inhibition)
Buffers - definition, formulation
and action
Buffer calculations
Case studies
of buffer function
Amine
bases and the hydrogen bonding in DNA and RNA
The uv-visible absorption spectra
of the photopigments in the human eye
The uv-visible absorption
spectrum of haemoglobin
(porphyrin pigment)
The uv-visible
absorption spectrum of melanin pigments
OPTION C Energy (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Core topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Modification of hydrocarbon fuel mixtures, alternative fuels
and global warming
The laboratory synthesis and manufacture of
alcohols
Biofuels and alternative fuels,
hydrogen, biogas, biodiesel
Fractional distillation of crude
oil and uses of products
Modification of alkanes by
cracking, isomerisation and reforming
Nuclear Fission Reactions, nuclear power energy resource
Nuclear
fusion reactions and the formation of 'heavy elements'
Photosynthesis,
importance
explained, limiting factors affecting rate
Higher level topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Simple cells notation and construction
The hydrogen electrode and standard conditions
Half-cell potentials, Electrochemical Series and using Eθcell for reaction feasibility
Electrochemical cells ('batteries') and fuel cell systems
Exemplar Questions, Appendix
1. The Nernst Equation, Appendix 2 Free Energy, Cell Emf
Half-life of a radioisotope, implications!,
uses of decay data , half-life values, radiocarbon dating, dating rocks
Alpha, beta & gamma radiation, properties, dangers of radioactive emissions
The
uv-visible absorption spectra of alkenes
The
uv-visible absorption spectra of selected aromatic compounds - arenes
OPTION D Medicinal
chemistry (IB Chemistry
option topics)
Core topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
preparation
of aspirin:
Preparation and reactions of acid/acyl anhydrides,
including making aspirin
Buffers - definition, formulation
and action
Buffer calculations
Case studies
of buffer function
Half-life of a radioisotope, implications!,
uses of decay data , half-life values, radiocarbon dating, dating rocks
Higher level topics (IB Chemistry
option topics)
What
happens to the nucleus in radioactive decay?, nuclear
equations, production of radioisotopes
Index of all spectroscopy
pages and introduction
Introduction to mass
spectrometry
Index of mass spectroscopy notes -
examples of mass spectrometry of organic
compounds
Index of infrared spectroscopy notes - analysis of infrared spectra
of organic compounds
Index of nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy
1H NMR spectra of organic
compounds
Index of emission and absorption
spectroscopy including colorimetry and flame photometry
HL only
transition elements - mention of cis-platin
HL only
Organic
Chemistry R/S Optical
Isomerism (use sub-index at top of
page)
HL only
Organic stereochemistry including
section 2b.4 on Thalidomide
HL only
chiral auxiliaries
and
combinational chemistry
PAST PAPERS practice paper links (IB
Chemistry)
Higher Papers
https://www.freeexampapers.com/past_papers.php?l=Past_Papers%2FIB%2FChemistry%2FHigher/
Standard papers
https://www.freeexampapers.com/past_papers.php?l=Past_Papers%2FIB%2FChemistry%2FStandard/
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